“We’re Glad We Got the Convicts and You Got the Puritans” – Australian Journalist  Stereotypes of first Massachusetts settlers (& Indians?)  “Pilgrims” and “Puritans” – what’s the difference?  Later literary representations  Reaction to 18 th & 19 th c. religious revival movements  “Thanksgiving” traditions started much later  Protestant Reformation in England & Holland  Puritan theocracy – compare with other colonial governments  “Citie on a hille” (Winthrop’s “Model of Christian Charity”)  An “errand in the wilderness”

American Traditions?  Massachusetts  Rhode Island  New York  Pennsylvania  Maryland  Virginia  Georgia  Separation of church & state  Toleration of religious (& linguistic, cultural) diversity  Pacifism (or militarism)  Drinking, dancing etc.  Sense of community  Land ownership/voting rights  Literacy/print culture  Indentured servitude/slavery  Relations with Native Americans

“Banned in Boston”  Early dissenters from Puritanism  Roger Williams – banished 1635, founded RI  Translated Indian languages  Preached that Indian religion equal to Christianity  RI founded on basis of religious liberty  Anne Hutchinson – banished 1637, moved to RI  Weekly women’s meetings, rejected all laws in favor of personal intuition of God’s grace – “Antinomianism”  Accused of heresy by rural ministers  Quakers – banished, whipped, mutilated, hanged  Salem witch trials – socioeconomic schism?

“Merie Mount  1625: Thomas Morton arrives in MA  Rebels against partner who sold indentured servants  Took over Mt. Wollaston north of Boston (modern Quincy)  Educated aristocrat, London gigolo, bold, inventive & irreverent  Wild times – renamed “Merry mount” by Puritans  Raised a Maypole, invited Indians to party, sold them liquor & guns  “drinking both wine and strong waters in great excess”  “dancing and frisking together like so many fairies – and worse practices... As if this joylity would have lasted ever” –Wm. Bradford  Competed with Pilgrims in fur trade, also for young colonists & servants  Captured after “battle”, banished (1628) but returned, rebanished  Wrote satire of saints, Ne England Canaan