Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 1 Output Spectra from Direct Drive ICF Targets Laser IFE Workshop May 31-June 1, 2001 Naval Research Laboratory Robert.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Sandia National Laboratories is a multi-program laboratory managed and operated by Sandia Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Lockheed Martin Corporation,

Advertisements

Ch6 X-ray Producing X-ray Moseley formula X-ray diffraction

M. S. Tillack, J. E. Pulsifer, K. L. Sequoia Grazing-Incidence Metal Mirrors for Laser-IFE Third IAEA Technical Meeting on “Physics and Technology of Inertial.

September 24-25, 2003 HAPL meeting, UW, Madison 1 Armor Configuration & Thermal Analysis 1.Parametric analysis in support of system studies 2.Preliminary.

P (TW) t (ns) ICF Context Inertial Confinement Fusion Classical schemes Direct-Drive Fusion Indirect-Drive Fusion Central hot spot ignition Alternative.

Physics of Fusion Lecture 15: Inertial Confinement Fusion Lecturer: Dirk O. Gericke.

1CEA-DAM Ile-de-France High-Gain Direct-Drive Shock Ignition for the Laser Megajoule:prospects and first results. B. Canaud CEA, DAM, DIF France 7th Workshop.

DAH, UW-FTI ARIES-IFE, April 2002, 1 Results from parametric studies of thin liquid wall IFE chambers D. A. Haynes, Jr. Fusion Technology Institute University.

Assessment of Chamber Concepts for IFE Power Plants: The ARIES-IFE study Farrokh Najmabadi for the ARIES Team IFSA2001 September 9-14, 2001 Kyoto, Japan.

Relevant one dimensional simulations of prompt physics in thick liquid design Presented by D. A. Haynes, Jr. for the staff of the Fusion Technology Institute.

April 6-7, 2002 A. R. Raffray, et al., Modeling of Inertial Fusion Chamber 1 Modeling of Inertial Fusion Chamber A. R. Raffray, F. Najmabadi, Z. Dragojlovic,

RRP:3/9/01Aries IFE 1 Parametric Results for Gas-Filled Chamber Dynamics Analysis Aries Workshop March 8-9, 2001 Livermore, CA Robert R. Peterson and Donald.

Threats to the GIMM and Use of XAPPER for Testing Jeff Latkowski Ryan Abbott February 15, 2006.

DAH, RRP, UW - FTI ARIES-IFE, January 2002, 1 Thin liquid Pb wall protection for IFE chambers D. A. Haynes, Jr. and R. R. Peterson Fusion Technology Institute.

Vapor Conditions Including Ionization State in Thick Liquid Wall IFE Reactors Presented by D. A. Haynes, Jr. for the staff of the Fusion Technology Institute.

Simulations investigating the effect of a DT-ice-covered cone tip on the implosion of a re-entrant cone-guided ICF capsule J. Pasley - University of California.

April 4-5, 2002 A. R. Raffray, et al., Chamber Clearing Code Development 1 Chamber Dynamics and Clearing Code Development Effort A. R. Raffray, F. Najmabadi,

Design Windows for IFE Chambers and Target Injection Farrokh Najmabadi for the ARIES Team US/Japan Workshop on Target Fabrication December 3-4, 2001 General.

June7-8, 2001 A. R. Raffray, et al., Completion of Assessment of Dry Chamber Wall Option Without Protective Gas, and Initial Planning Activity for Assessment.

Chamber Dynamic Response Modeling Zoran Dragojlovic.

Action Items For ARIES-IFE Study Farrokh Najmabadi ARIES Project Meeting June 19-21, 2000 University of Wisconsin, Madison Electronic copy:

October 24, Remaining Action Items on Dry Chamber Wall 2. “Overlap” Design Regions 3. Scoping Analysis of Sacrificial Wall A. R. Raffray, J.

ARIES-IFE Assessment of Operational Windows for IFE Power Plants Farrokh Najmabadi and the ARIES Team UC San Diego 16 th ANS Topical Meeting on the Technology.

Progress Report on Chamber Dynamics and Clearing Farrokh Najmabadi, Rene Raffray, Mark S. Tillack, John Pulsifer, Zoran Dragovlovic (UCSD) Ahmed Hassanein.

Fusion Technology Institute University of Wisconsin - Madison NRL IFE Concepts Project 9/19/ Output Calculations for Laser Fusion Targets ARIES Meeting.

ARIES-IFE: An Integrated Assessment of Chamber Concepts for IFE Power Plants Mark Tillack for the ARIES Team 19th IEEE/NPSS SOFE January 22-25, 2002 Atlantic.

Interactions with Matter

Highlights of ARIES-IFE Study Farrokh Najmabadi VLT Conference Call April 18, 2001 Electronic copy: ARIES Web Site:

Idaho National Engineering and Environmental Laboratory Update on IFE Aerosol Analysis J.P. Sharpe INEEL Fusion Safety Program.

RRP:10/17/01Aries IFE 1 Liquid Wall Chamber Dynamics Aries Electronic Workshop October 17, 2001 Robert R. Peterson Fusion Technology Institute University.

Ion Beam Analysis of Gold Flecks in a Foam Lattice F E Gauntlett, A S Clough Physics Department, University of Surrey, Guildford, GU2 7XH, UK.

The High Average Power Laser Program in DOE/DP Coordinated, focussed, multi-lab effort to develop the science and technology for Laser Fusion Energy Coordinated,

Radiation therapy is based on the exposure of malign tumor cells to significant but well localized doses of radiation to destroy the tumor cells. The.

HAPL WORKSHOP Chamber Gas Density Requirements for Ion Stopping Presented by D. A. Haynes, Jr. for the staff of the Fusion Technology Institute.

A Plan to Develop Dry Wall Chambers for Inertial Fusion Energy with Lasers Page 1 of 46 DRAFT.

NEEP 541 Radiation Interactions Fall 2003 Jake Blanchard.

Ion Mitigation for Laser IFE Optics Ryan Abbott, Jeff Latkowski, Rob Schmitt HAPL Program Workshop Los Angeles, California, June 2, 2004 This work was.

1 4/22/2002 ARIES1 Fusion Technology Institute 4/22/2002 Dynamics of Liquid Wall Chambers R.R. Peterson, I.E. Golovkin, and D.A. Haynes University of Wisconsin.

Coming attractions This is the first of five related presentations: Graphite Chamber Issues and trade-offs (Haynes) CONDOR: a flock of badgers (Moses)

Laser Energy Transport and Deposition Package for CRASH Fall 2011 Review Ben Torralva.

/15RRP HAPL Dec 6, Robert R. Peterson Los Alamos National Laboratory and University of Wisconsin Calculations of the Response of Inertial Fusion.

ARIES Workshop Dry Wall Response to the HIB (close-coupled) IFE target Presented by D. A. Haynes, Jr. for the staff of the Fusion Technology Institute.

Robust Heavy Ion Fusion Target Shigeo KAWATA Utsunomiya Univ. Japan U.S.-J. Workshop on HIF December 18-19, 2008 at LBNL & LLNL.

Aerosol Limits for Target Tracking Ronald Petzoldt ARIES IFE Meeting, Madison, WI April 22-23, 2002.

HIGH ENERGY DENSITY PHYSICS: RECENT DEVELOPMENTS WITH Z PINCHES N. Rostoker, P. Ney, H. U. Rahman, and F. J. Wessel Department of Physics and Astronomy.

Status of HAPL Tasks 1 & 3 for University of Wisconsin Gregory Moses Milad Fatenejad Fusion Technology Institute High Average Power Laser Meeting September.

Materials Science and Technology: Condensed Matter and Thermal Physics Simulation of Direct Drive Target Injection into ‘Hot’ Chambers James K. Hoffer.

-Plasma can be produced when a laser ionizes gas molecules in a medium -Normally, ordinary gases are transparent to electromagnetic radiation. Why then.

Determining Radiation Intensity

John Santarius and Greg Moses University of Wisconsin HAPL Project Meeting Oak Ridge National Laboratory March 21-22, 2006 An Approach to Analyzing Long.

Status of Modeling of Damage Effects on Final Optics Mirror Performance T.K. Mau, M.S. Tillack Center for Energy Research Fusion Energy Division University.

1. Fast ignition by hydrodynamic flow

Temperature Response and Ion Deposition in the 1 mm Tungsten Armor Layer for the 10.5 m HAPL Target Chamber T.A. Heltemes, D.R. Boris and M. Fatenejad,

Target threat spectra Gregory Moses and John Santarius with Thad Heltemes, Milad Fatenejad, Matt Terry and Jiankui Yuan Fusion Technology Institute University.

Target threat spectra Gregory Moses and John Santarius Fusion Technology Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison HAPL Review Meeting March 3-4, 2005.

Fusion Technology Institute 4/5/2002HAPL1 Ion Driven Fireballs: Calculations and Experiments R.R. Peterson, G.A. Moses, and J.F. Santarius University of.

IFE Ion Threat Spectra Effects Upon Chamber Wall Materials G E. Lucas, N. Walker UC Santa Barbara.

FUEL ASSEMBLY: Theory and Experiments C. Zhou, R. Betti, V. Smalyuk, J. Delettrez, C. Li, W. Theobald, C. Stoeckl, D. Meyerhofer, C. Sangster FSC.

Shock ignition of thermonuclear fuel with high areal density R. Betti Fusion Science Center Laboratory for Laser Energetics University of Rochester FSC.

Ion Mitigation for Laser IFE Optics Ryan Abbott, Jeff Latkowski, Rob Schmitt HAPL Program Workshop Atlanta, Georgia, February 5, 2004 This work was performed.

Liquid Walls Town Meeting May 5, 2003, Livermore, CA Work performed under the auspices of the U. S. Department of Energy by University of California Lawrence.

Modeling of Z-Ablation I. E. Golovkin, R. R. Peterson, D. A. Haynes University of Wisconsin-Madison G. Rochau Sandia National Laboratories Presented at.

350 MJ Target Thermal Response and Ion Implantation in 1 mm thick silicon carbide armor for 10.5 m HAPL Chamber T.A. Heltemes and G.A. Moses Fusion Technology.

1 Radiation Environment at Final Optics of HAPL Mohamed Sawan Fusion Technology Institute University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI HAPL Meeting ORNL March.

BUCKY Simulations of Z and RHEPP Experiments

Dry-Wall Target Chambers for Direct-Drive Laser Fusion

IFE Wetted-Wall Chamber Engineering “Preliminary Considerations”

University of California, San Diego

Aerosol Production in Lead-protected and Flibe-protected Chambers

First Wall Response to the 400MJ NRL Target

Presentation transcript:

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 1 Output Spectra from Direct Drive ICF Targets Laser IFE Workshop May 31-June 1, 2001 Naval Research Laboratory Robert R. Peterson, Igor E. Golovkin and Donald A. Haynes presenting for the staff of the Fusion Technology Institute University of Wisconsin-Madison

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 2 Chamber Physics Critical Issues Involve Target Output, Gas Behavior and First Wall Response Design, Fabrication, Output Simulations, (Output Experiments) Design, Fabrication, Output Simulations, (Output Experiments) Gas Opacities, Radiation Transport, Rad-Hydro Simulations Gas Opacities, Radiation Transport, Rad-Hydro Simulations Wall Properties, Neutron Damage, Near-Vapor Behavior, Thermal Stresses Wall Properties, Neutron Damage, Near-Vapor Behavior, Thermal Stresses X-rays, Ion Debris, Neutrons Thermal Radiation, Shock Target OutputGas BehaviorWall Response UW uses the BUCKY 1-D Radiation-Hydrodynamics Code to Simulate Target, Gas Behavior and Wall Response. Outline 1.Laser Deposition 2.Burn Started from FAST-1D (NRL) Ignition Conditions 3.Ion Output 4.X-ray Output Question: How accurate are 1-D Output Calculations?

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 3 Z(cm) R(cm) Laser Rays are refracted by electron density profile. In the example, n e (r) = n c (r c /r) 1.5 where r c =0.02 cm. Rays are initially parallel, but are refracted or absorbed by electrons. Normally incident rays are absorbed more strongly because some parallel rays are refracted out of the plasma. Normally incident rays are absorbed nearer the critical surface, in a narrower region than parallel rays because of refraction. New Laser Deposition Package for BUCKY Will Allow Us to Calculate Output Including Reflected Laser Light ___ Normal Incidence ___ Parallel Rays Critical Surface

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 4 Implosion of High Yield Direct-Drive Laser Fusion Target with New BUCKY Laser Deposition Package ___ Fast-1D ___ BUCKY Radius (cm) Mass Density (g/cm 3 ) Mass Density Profiles Just Before Ignition Time (s) Radius (cm) Implosion Yields 200 MJ Minor Differences Lead to Lower Yield. Peak mass density just before ignition is the same for FAST-1D and BUCKY, but density shape is a little different; the yield is 200 MJ versus 385 for Fast-1D. Need to use zooming consistent with NRL.

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 5 We Have Calculated Output from 2 NRL Targets Starting from NRL Supplied Ignition Conditions DT Vapor DT Fuel Foam + DT 1  CH Å Au 0.265g/cc 0.25 g/cc 1.50 mm 1.69 mm 1.95 mm Radiation Pre-Heated Direct-drive Laser Targets NRL (1999) Laser Energy: 1.3 MJ Laser Type: KrF Gain: 150 Yield: 195 MJ ~165 MJ Yield Energy Partitioning: MJ neutrons (76.8%) 2.02 MJ x-rays (1.04%) 34.0 MJ hydrodynamic ions (17.4%) 1.06 MJ escaped fusion ions (0.54%) Error=2.3% DT Vapor DT Fuel Foam + DT 1  CH Å Au 0.265g/cc 0.25 g/cc mm mm mm NRL (2001) ~400 MJ Yield Laser Energy: 2.5 MJ Laser Type: KrF Gain: 175 Yield: 437 MJ Energy Partitioning: MJ neutrons (69.4%) 2.67 MJ x-rays (0.61%) MJ hydrodynamic ions (27.4%) 12.6 MJ escaped fusion ions (2.89%) Error = 0.3%

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 6 Burn and Explosion of High Yield NRL Radiation Smoothed Direct-Drive Laser Fusion Target Start from plasma conditions just before ignition from Denis Colombant. BUCKY specifically includes Compton scattering in opacities. BUCKY predicts 430 MJ of yield compared with 385 MJ from FAST-1D. Burn radiation “explodes” Au shell. Ingition

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 7 Burn and Explosion of 165 MJ Yield NRL Radiation Smoothed Direct-Drive Laser Fusion Target Start from plasma conditions just before ignition from Andy Schmitt BUCKY specifically includes Compton scattering in opacities. BUCKY predicts 195 MJ of yield compared with 165 MJ from FAST-1D. Passage of Burn radiation through Au shell depends on details of Gold Plasma (see course versus fine Au zoning). Coarse Gold Zoning Fine Gold Zoning Ingition

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 8 Explosion of Gold Shell in 400 MJ Target is Explained by Absorption of Target X-rays Gold begins to explode at 36 ns. Gold opacity to 400 eV is much higher than other parts of corona. Radiation is attenuated in Gold 100 eV electron temperature in gold leads to charge state of

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 9 Explosion of Gold Shell in 195 MJ Target is Explained by Absorption of Target X-rays Gold begins to explode at 27.5 ns. Gold opacity to 2 keV is much higher than other parts of corona. Radiation is attenuated in Gold

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/ D Finely-Zoned BUCKY Runs for Gold-Coated Direct- Drive Targets Predict High Energy Gold Ions The particle energy of each species in each zone is then calculated as mv 2 /2 on the final time step of the BUCKY run. This time is late enough that the ion energies are unchanging. The numbers of ions of each species in each zone are plotted against ion energy. The spectra from direct fusion product D, T, H, He 3, and He 4 are calculated by BUCKY but they are not a significant part of the threat. Ion Spectrum for 195 MJ Yield NRL Target Ion Spectrum for 437 MJ Yield NRL Target Coarse Gold Zoning Fine Gold Zoning 1 keV 1MeV 1 GeV 1 keV 1 GeV 1 MeV

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 11 X-ray Spectrum for 195 MJ Yield NRL TargetX-ray Spectrum for 437 MJ Yield NRL Target Coarse Gold Zoning Fine Gold Zoning 1-D Finely-Zoned BUCKY Runs for Gold-Coated Direct- Drive Targets Predict Attenuation of Sub-keV X-rays Finely-zoned calculations predict the heating of Au layers to the point where they are well-ionized to absorb sub-keV radiation from burn. A coarsely-zoned calculation does not attain sufficient opacity and sub-keV radiation passes through the Au layer.

Laser IFE Program Workshop –5/31/01 12 CONCLUSION: Let’s Get it Right 1.Ion and X-ray Spectra are very different for various calculations. 2.Plasma dynamics and opacity of Gold seems to be playing a big role. 3.Can we believe gold opacities?: LTE versus non-LTE. 4.All known direct-drive output calculations today are 1-D. We believe that the gold layer may be hydro-dynamically unstable and will have plasma conditions (and opacity) different than modeled in 1-D. 5.What can we do? a.More calculations by the next meeting (we only have a few tries at 400 MJ) --- sensitivity versus opacity (Compton Scattering???). b.Develop non-LTE Gold opacities. c.Are there experiments we can do today? d.Wait for NIF to ignite direct-drive targets?