Diaper rash

Diaper rash is an acute inflammatory reaction of the skin in the diaper area. Etiology,signs and symptoms: -Normal newborn urinate very frequently. -Breast-fed infants tend to urinate less frequently and have a lower incidence of dermatitis than infants who are bottle-fed because of the lower alkalinity of the urine and feces.

Diaper rash begins between folds of the skin in the diaper area where the skin is warm, moist and exposed to irritants and bacteria. Diaper rash rang from erythema with maceration to lesions that may become vesicular.

Diaper rash is characterized by red, puffy and perhaps slightly warmer skin in the diaper region — buttocks, thighs and genitals. More common in babies during first 15 months..

Causes: -Irritation from stool and urine. Prolonged exposure to urine or feces can irritate a baby's sensitive skin. -Ammonia Saprophytic aerobic bacteria is ferment urea to ammonia which raises the pH and cause diaper rash.

-Introduction of new foods: Changes in your baby diet can increase frequently of stools which can lead to diaper rash. -Bacteria or fungi infection: The moist, warm and alkaline enviroment in the diaper area lead to fungal and bacterial growth.

-Sweat retention: If soiled diaper is not changed, the stratum corneum in this area become waterlogged, this cause plugging of sweat glands which cause sweat retention. Erythematous papules result from dilatation and rapture of the epidermal of sweat gland.

Mechanical irritants: Tightly fitting diapers covered with plastic pants increase the humidity and tempreature in the diaper area and keep air away from the skin, this cause irritation. Chemical irritants: Antiseptics and harsh soaps contain salicylic acid, mercurials, phenols, sulfur.

Preventions: -Change diapers often. -Diaper should be made of soft material and kept loose to prevent rubbing. -Diaper area should be cleaned at each diaper change. -Skin folds should be cleaned by rinsed with water. -Diaper area should be dry before clean diaper is put on.

Treatment: -The best treatment for diaper rash is to keep your baby's skin as clean and dry as possible. -The best treatment for diaper rash is to keep your baby's skin as clean and dry as possible. -Often using various over-the-counter "diaper creams", but sometimes people use petroleum jelly and shark liver oil or cod liver oil; zinc oxide based ointments, and, -Often using various over-the-counter "diaper creams", but sometimes people use petroleum jelly and shark liver oil or cod liver oil; zinc oxide based ointments, and,petroleum jellyshark liver oilcod liver oilzinc oxidepetroleum jellyshark liver oilcod liver oilzinc oxide -In extreme cases, anti-fungal cremes. Low concentration hydrocortisone creams are also sometimes used to treat the symptoms of diaper rash. -In extreme cases, anti-fungal cremes. Low concentration hydrocortisone creams are also sometimes used to treat the symptoms of diaper rash.hydrocortisone

-Healing promoters: Vit A and D -Antiseptics agents: Against secondary infections