Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Chapter 1 Introduction to Information Technology – Hardware, Software, and Telecommunications

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Information Technology and Computer Literacy Information technology includes knowledge of Computers Networks Computer Literacy Computer literacy includes knowledge of basic computer concepts and the ability to use computers to make tasks easier. It includes the ability to use the Internet and World Wide Web

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ What Is a Computer? An electronic device that Accepts data as input Processes that data according to instructions stored in memory Produces information as output Stores the results

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Hardware Includes all the physical parts of the computer; the parts you can see and touch

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Input Hardware Includes all devices used to digitize and input data into the computer

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Input Devices Keyboards Direct entry devices Pointing devices Mouse Scanning devices Bar code reader Kurzweil scanner MICR (magnetic ink character recognition) OCR (optical character recognition) OMR (optical mark recognition)

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Processing Hardware Processing hardware comprises the brains of the computer. Central processing unit

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Central Processing Unit Control unit controls processing following instructions of program Arithmetic-logic unit performs arithmetic operations and logical operations (comparisons)

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Memory Random access memory (RAM) temporary work space, holds current work Read-only memory (ROM) permanent, firmware, holds startup instructions Cache holds most frequently used instructions and data

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Open Architecture Architecture refers to how a computer is put together Open architecture refers to computers to which the user can add hardware Expansion slots allow the user to add expansion cards, specialized circuit boards that attach to peripheral devices

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Output Devices Soft copy Monitors Sound Hard copy Printers Impact Nonimpact Plotters

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Secondary Storage Devices Magnetic Media Diskette Hard Disk Magnetic Tape Optical Media CD-ROM, CD-R, CD-RW DVD

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Software System software does something for the computer Operating system Utilities Application software does a job for the user Word processors Spreadsheets Database management systems Graphics Communications

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ An Overview of Networking, Connectivity, and Telecommunications Most computers today are part of a network, as small as two computers or as large as the Internet They must subscribe to standards (protocols)

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Protocols Communications software includes technical standards or rules that govern communications between computers. These are called protocols.

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Communications Hardware (modem) The modem translates from analog waves (transmitted across phone lines) to discontinuous digital signals (processed on a computer) and from discontinuous digital signals to analog waves.

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ High-Speed Alternatives Today there are many higher speed alternatives to traditional modems including Cable modems DSL (digital subscriber lines) ISDN (integrated services digital network) T1 lines for hospitals

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ The Internet and the World Wide Web The Internet is an interconnected network of networks that spans the world. Originated as ARPAnet (1969) Decentralized network Packet switching Subscribes to TCP/IP protocols

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Intranets and Extranets Intranets are private networks modeled on the Internet Extranets are intranets that allow access from outside

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ Internet Services The Internet provides such services as Online shopping Online banking Telecommuting Telemedicine The World Wide Web is the graphical portion of the Internet.

Information Technology for the Health Professions, 2/e By Lillian Burke and Barbara Weill ©2005 Pearson Education, Inc. Pearson Prentice Hall Upper Saddle River, NJ The World Wide Web The Web is the graphical part of the Internet. Comprised of pages with hyperlinks to other pages Can be searched using a search engine