Professor Michael J. Losacco CIS 1110 – Using Computers Internet & World Wide Web Chapter 2

Chapter2 2/28 Overview Discuss the Evolution of the Internet Understand IP Addresses & URLs Describe the Purpose of a Browser Identify Different Internet Services Identify the Rules of Netiquette

Chapter2 3/28 The Internet Worldwide Collection of Networks Links Millions of: Businesses Government Agencies Educational Institutions Individuals

Chapter2 4/28 Internet Services World Wide Web File Transfer Newsgroups Message Board Chat Instant Messaging

Chapter2 5/28 History of the Internet Origination Originated as ARPANET in Sept 1969 Goals Allow Scientists in Different Places to Collaborate Function Even if Part of Network Disabled Renamed Internet in the Late 1980s World Wide Web Proposed In 1989 Tim Berners-Lee

Chapter2 6/28 History of the Internet Growth Today More than 550 million hosts 1984 More than 1,000 hosts hosts

Chapter2 7/28 History of the Internet Control Organizations Responsible for Own Network World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Tim Berners-Lee, Director Oversees Research Sets Standards & Guidelines

Chapter2 8/28 Internet Mechanics Access Providers ISP (Internet Service Provider) Regional Provide Access to Specific Geographical Area National Provide Access in Cities & Towns Nationwide OSP (Online Service Provider) Member-only Features e.g., Comcast WISP (Wireless Internet Service Provider)

Chapter2 9/28 Internet Mechanics Addressing IP (Internet Protocol) Address Identifies Each Device Connected to Internet Unique Number 2.7/3.7 Billion Used Run Out in 2012 IPv6 = 3.4 x v Domain Name Text Version of IP Address

Chapter2 10/28 Internet Mechanics Addressing TLD (Top Level Domain) Identifies Type of Organization ccTLD Two-letter Country Code Outside US ICANN Assigns & Controls TLDs DNS (Domain Name System) DNS Server Translates Domain Name to IP Address

Chapter2 11/28 Internet Mechanics

Chapter2 12/28 World Wide Web Collection of Electronic Documents Each Document is Called a Web Page Contains Text, Graphics, Sound, Video Contains Links to Other Pages Web Site Collection of Related Web Pages Web 2.0 Sites Providing Ways for Visitor Interaction

Chapter2 13/28 World Wide Web Web Browser Program that Allows Access to Web Pages Netscape Internet Explorer Spent $1.25 B Mozilla Firefox Safari Chrome Microbrowser Mobile Devices

Chapter2 14/28 World Wide Web Browser Mechanics

Chapter2 15/28 World Wide Web Web Addressing URL (Uniform Resource Locator) Unique Address for Page Located on Server

Chapter2 16/28 World Wide Web Searching Search Engine Search for Word / Phrase AKA Keyword Spider / Crawler / Bot Algorithm Ranks Keyword Relevance Subject Directory Organized by Topics / Subtopics

Chapter2 17/28 World Wide Web Content Must be Evaluated for Accuracy No One Oversees Web Page Content

Chapter2 18/28 World Wide Web Multimedia Graphics GIF, JPG, PNG Audio MP3, WAV Compression to 1 / 10 Original Size Streaming Transfers Data in Continuous & Even Flow Podcast

Chapter2 19/28 World Wide Web Multimedia Video MPG, AVI, MOV, WMV Vodcast VR (Virtual Reality) Simulate Three-dimensional Environment Second Life, There

Chapter2 20/28 E-commerce Business Transaction Using Internet M-commerce Mobile Device Used for Transaction Business-to-Consumer (B2C) Sale of Goods to General Public Business-to-Business (B2B) Business Sells to Other Businesses Consumer-to-Consumer (C2C) Consumer Sells Directly to Another

Chapter2 21/28 E-commerce Mechanics

Chapter2 22/28 Other Services Transmission of Messages Over Internet Messages May Include Attachments Files, Graphics, Audio, Video Virus Volume 1.4 Billion Active Accounts Worldwide 90 Trillion s Sent in % Spam royalpingdom.com 1/10

Chapter2 23/28 Other Services Instant Messaging (IM) Real-time Typed Conversation Indicate Who You Want to Speak With Notified When They Are Online Chat Real-time Typed Conversation Discuss Topics of Interest Chat Room Location on Server that Permits Discussion

Chapter2 24/28 Other Services FTP (File Transfer Protocol) Allows Upload / Download of Files Files Located on FTP Servers Use FTP Client Program to Access Mailing List Topical Discussion Group You Must Subscribe to a Mailing List Sent to Listserv Listserv Distributes to All Subscribers

Chapter2 25/28 Other Services Newsgroup User Sends Message to Newsgroup Others in Newsgroup Read / Reply Read with Newsreader Program Message Board AKA Discussion Board, Forum Web-based Version of Newsgroup Newsreader not Required

Chapter2 26/28 Other Services VoIP (Voice over IP) AKA Internet Telephony Voice Communication Over Internet Replaces Standard Telephone Service Comcast Vonage

Chapter2 27/28 Netiquette Code of Acceptable Behavior

Chapter2 28/28 Netiquette Cyberbullying Online Threats or Offensive Behavior 34% Targeted in Last Year 13-year-old Commits Suicide (10/06) Unwanted Sexual Experiences 18% Reported Internet Victimization 10% Reported Texting Victimization is4k.com 4/10 cyberbully411.com 2010