Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; ٍ Effects of Acetylation on the some Properties of Paper made from bagasse In the Name of Lord Mojtaba Soltani

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; The properties of any resource are, for the most part, a result of the chemistry of the resource, If you change the chemistry to change properties If you change properties, you change performance Rowell said:

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Introduction: Couldfield(1988),Stated that paper dimensional instability is affected by humidity and cell wall swelling. Mechanical properties and printability are declined by water absorption. Matsuda (1996), suggested that hydroxyl groups of wood are more active reaction sites and they are reason of woods instability. Larsson, Brield (1996) – Mohebby, Militz (2003) – Mohebby (1982),reported ;dimensional stability is created by substitution of hydrophilic hydroxyl groups with hydrophobic carboxyl groups. Gomez, Bueso a,b (1999), Rowell, Keany (1991);reported that acetylation improved water absorption, dimensional stability and swelling thickness of bagasse. Ebrahimzadeh (1996) studied the effect of acetylation on unbleached solphate paper and indicated that acetylation reduced blocking water binding sites. (Abdolkhani et al.( 2005) reported that acetylation can improved photo yellowing properties of CMP bagasse paper. Mohbby et al (2007) reported that treatment of acetylation on paper (bleached long fibre) improved some of physical and mechanical properties.

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Introduction: Acetylation:  A chemical reaction by that OH groups substitute with acetyl groups H3CH3C H3CH3C O = C O = C O Ö H Wood O H3CH3C H3CH3C O = C O C O H + - Acetic Anhydride CH3C(=O)-O-C(=O)-CH3 + WOOD-OH WOOD-O-C(=O)-CH3 + CH3C(=O)-OH Acetylated Wood Acetic Acid

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Acetylation Dimensional stability StrengthBioresistanceRoughness Printability Of paper Wetability of paperUV resistance Introduction Acetylation:  Influence of acetylation on wood properties

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Objectives: Any improvement in paper hydrophobicity and its physical and mechanical properties could affect The objective of this study were to: a) determination the effects of acetylated treatment of bagasse paper on some of mechanical and physical properties. b) determination the effects of refining on acetylation process of bagasse paper

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Materials and Methods

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Properties: Determination of density Water absorption, smoothness, brightness, D-filding, Wax(printability), Tear, Burst, Porosity and Breaking Length The paper sheets were conditioned : (24 h, 23 ˚C, 50 % ) Hand sheet paper were made from Bagasse Solphat pulp Treatments: Acetylation with a Vacuum flask ; at 120˚C; With Acetic anhydride and without any catalyst. Before Refining After Refining

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Results: TestsAcetylationRefining Water absorption ** 0low Med,Hi - - Smoothness ** 0, Med Hi Med - Density ns * Brightness ** 0Low, Med Hi - D-folding ** 0 Low med Hi Wax ns * Tear ** 0Low,Mid,Hi - - Burst ** 0,low,Med Hi - - Breaking length ns * Porosity * * 0 Low Mid Hi (Duncan subsetes) Acetylation% (ANOVA) Ns=not significant

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 1:Effect of Acetylation on Density of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Acetylation rate (wpg) Reaction time

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 2:Effect of Acetylation on Water Absorption of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Water Absorption index Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure3:Effect of Acetylation onSmoothness of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Smoothness Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 4:Effect of Acetylation on Density of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Density Refining

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 5:Effect of Acetylation on Brightness of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Brightness Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 6:Effect of Acetylation on D_Folding of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining D_FOLDING Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure7:Effect of Acetylation on Printability of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 8: Effect of Acetylation onTear of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Tear index Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 9:Effect of Acetylation on Burst of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Burst index Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 10:Effect of Acetylation on Breaking length of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Breaking Length index Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Figure 1:Effect of Acetylation on Porosity of Bagasse paper,Befor and after Refining Porosity index Acetylation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Thank you for your attention!

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Water Absorption Swelling Density Tan  Q Factor Specific Dynamic Modulus of Elasticity Young’s specific modulus of elasticity Acoustic Converting Efficiency (ACE) Hemicellulose degradation Soluble extractives and their removal Formic acid, Furfural, Acetic acid etc. Collapsed cell walls Growth of crystalline region of cellulose Cross linking between lignin polymer Formation of Micropores (gaps) in microfibriles Decreased OH groups Lignin condensation

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; In the Name of Lord ٍ Effects of Acetylation on the some Properties of Paper made from bagasse Mojtaba Soltani

Mojtaba Soltani, Islamic Azad University,Faculty of Agriculture and Natural resources,Science and Research Branch; Tehran, Iran; Tel Fax ; Conclusion: