French Technology Education Curriculum Analysis & Description. UPDATE – 2008 Présenté par Marjolaine Chatoney

School system National & public school system. All children are concerned by the school system at all different stages without distinction of sex, religious beliefs and social distinction Compulsory (up to 16 yrs) National assessments & diplomas Certificated teachers (2 national label « certifiés » or « agrégés »)

key stages and objectives (1) 3 key stages at primary school (3-11 years) Key stage 1 « Early Learning » (3-6 years): Develop the behavioural, emotional, relational and intellectual capacities of the pupils. Key stage 2 « Fundamental Learning » (6-9 years): Acquisition of the codes, French language and mathematics; acquisition of the citizenship values and of the disciplinary fields relative to the discovery of the world. Key stage 3 « Consolidation Learning » (9-11 years): Continuation of previous learning & introduction of the first disciplinary concepts that will be taught in middle school.

key stages and objectives (2) 3 key stages at Middle school (11-15 years) Key stage 1 « Adaptation cycle » (11-12 years). Insures the transition between elementary and middle school: consolidation of acquisitions. Key stage 2 « Central cycle » (12-14 years): Expansion of disciplinary knowledge and diversify courses to develop autonomy and allow awareness of pupils’ tastes and capacities. Key stage 3 « Orientation cycle » (14-15 years). The pupils complete their knowledge to prepare either for general and technology education of secondary school, or for secondary vocational school.

key stages and objectives (3) 2 key stages at General & technology High School (15-18 years) Key stage 1 « Determination cycle » (15-16 years): 8 common disciplinary courses 2 specialisation courses 8 optional courses Key stage 2 « Terminal cycle » (16-18 years): General courses correspond to 3 profiles: L (Literature), ES (Economic and social) and S (Scientific). Technological courses offer 7 profiles: STL (lab), STI (industrial), STG (economics), SMS (medical), Hotel, STAV(agriculture), STAE (environment).

key stages and objectives (4) 3 paths in Vocational school (15-18 years) Path 1 – CAP concrete education in connection with on-the-job learning to acquire craft knowledge and skills. It prepares for precise job tasks and work. Path 2 – BEP expands qualifications and enables the pursuit of study for technician diploma called “Professional Baccalaureate”. Path 3 – Technician “PB” Enables mastery of professional techniques and acquisition of a on-the-job professional experience. It comprises both academic courses & 18 weeks on-the-job training.

Technology education is : Compulsory for all from 3-15 years. Exclusive for pupils who chose the vocational education path (15-18 years) Optional during the 1° year of high school (15 years) for pupils who will chose the general and technology path. Exclusive for pupils who have chosen technology path in high school (16-18 years)

Curriculum Applied at all levels of a compulsory National program Designed and re-designed by National Council of the Programs National assessments Prescriptive (knowledge, skills, time) Complemented by advice on curriculum delivery in classroom.

Status & aims of ET (1) Primary school Status: integrated into science education Aims: scientific and technical culture, ability. Orientation: Concrete approach Population: Compulsory for all (girls and boys) Interdisciplinary Common core knowledge

Status & aims of ET (2) Middle school Status: between science (scientific laws) and technics (technical processes) Aims: enables reasoning about techniques Orientation: multiple approach of products (functional, scientific, historic, economic) Population: compulsory for all (girls and boys) Inter and trans disciplinary links with physics-chemistry, geometry, mathematics, biology. Common core knowledge: ITC, citizenship, autonomy, French, foreign languages, history.

Status & aims of ET (3) High school Status: as a science, technology contributes to general scientific development. Aims: prepares for engineering science. Orientation: multidisciplinary Population: optional for pupils (girls and boys) who chose the option “ISI” or for pupils who chose the vocational high school diploma “SI”.

Progression in ET Primary school Construction of knowledge on the world of made objects (Process and Impact on the environment) Middle school Analysis of industrial products, ITC. Analysis of industrial processes, design, software, 3D modeling Design and realization of a pluri-technologic product, realization of a digital media of communication on this product. High school Introduction to engineering science in the fields of industrial production, automation, electricity, mechanics, civil engineering, materials Discovery of the industrial methods

Pedagogy & Method in ET Primary school Inquiry approach (observation, analysis, understanding) Middle school Inquiry approach (observation, analysis, understanding) Problem solving approach (design, organisation and manufacturing) Industrial project approach (design) High school Problem solving approach Industrial project approach (design & manufacturing) Lab work

Themes & areas of ET (1 & 2) Primary school Theme: no theme prescribed Development: Discover the world Discover the world of manufactured objects Sciences and technology The world of manufactured objects. Energy Environment Middle school Themes: Transport, Construction and civil engineering Home ergonomics and automation Design & Process Developments Functioning, Energy, Evolution, Materials, Communication, Realization Design, Energy, Evolution, Materials, Communication, Realization Manufacturing and multi- communication project.

Themes & areas of ET (3) High school Theme: No themes prescribed Developments in 7 fields: Architecture and construction : Design, Modelling Design and manufacturing products : Design, product analysis, Study of the product – process-materials relationship. Design and decorative arts : Arts-techniques-civilisation, design approach and creation. Energy and environment : Study of industrial systems Information technology and network : Networks product, electronics Engineering of automatic systems : system analysis, automatics Materials : system analysis and treatment of materials.

Materials in ET Primary school Paper, Scissors and others tools no specialized classroom Middle school Plastics, etc. Tools, machine tools Electronics and mechanical equipment computer operated machines Computers Models Specialized technology lab High school All materials Computer operated Machines Computers Models (blind, elevator…) Specialized technology lab

Characteristics of teachers in charge of technology education. Primary school 1°2° Middle school & High school Polyvalent teachers Pluri-technical teachers Specialized teachers

Training of teachers in charge of technology education. Modalities defined by government. University training (IUFM) Same training for all teachers (all disciplines) L s1M1M2L s2L s3 National exam Certification

The first year master Written exam Assessment of disciplinary knowledge Analysis of pedagogical resources Study of a technical system in its industrial and economic dimensions. Analysis of a product in its technical- economic context (Mechanics, Electronics, Economy, Computing, applied to the technology) Oral exam (no) Test on portfolio prepared by the student. Analysis of documents Lab work Objective: to prepare successfully for the exam

Elements of “1st year Master ” Written preparationOral preparation Professionalization - in service training - Workshop - Pre-test on document analysis - Lab work - technology education - Mechanics, - Economy, - Electronics - Technology education -Maths -French -Languages - History geography/ Sciences et tec......

The second year master Objectives: Acquire disciplinary work methods in a given school environment. Acquire means for analyzing and regulating one’s practice. Constitute a set of resources and ideas for teaching technology.

Elements of “2 nd year Master ” Teaching In service training Professional paper Pedagogy, epistemology & general vocational education Technological literacy in education Workshop (disciplinary and trans-disciplinary) ITC In service training in school (Half time in school) School visit In service training in manufacture or in foreign school Inquiry into some aspect of teaching Writing skills

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