C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Sources of Data from the Robotic Missions Geography S/07 Dr. Christine M. Rodrigue

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  Mariner 4: 1964 flyby mission  So much for a nice, Earthlike planet  Magnetometer showed no magnetic field (team thought instrument buggy)  Occultation of spacecraft by Mars showed a really thin atmosphere  First image showed a cloud, thought impossible and a lens crack  Craters up the wazoo: Mars looked like the Moon  First topographic maps

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  Mariner 4: 1964 flyby  So much for a nice, Earthlike planet  Craters up the wazoo: Mars looked like the Moon  First topographic maps  One dead, bleak, battered planet

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  Mariner 6 and 7: 1969 flyby mission and first dual mission  Again, Mars is pretty disappointing  Both S/C flew over heavily cratered terrain  They both missed the big volcanoes and Valles Marineris  Dark areas were no canals  Dead, dry Mars

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  USSR Mars 3  Again, Mars is pretty disappointing  Dead, dry Mars

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  USSR Mars 4  S/C fails orbit insertion and becomes unintended flyby  It does return some pictures  Dead, dry Mars

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Mariner 9  First successful orbiter  Active for ~1 year  Arrived during huge global dust storm  Saw Olympus Mons emerge from the dust  Photomapped 100% of Mars

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Mariner 9  First successful orbiter  First glimpse of possible river valleys

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Mariner 9  First successful orbiter  Imaged Phobos and Deimos

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  USSR Mars 5 orbiter  Failure in orbit insertion  It did send back several images

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  USSR Mars 5 orbiter  Failure in orbit insertion  It did send back several images

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Orbiter

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Color image of Olympus Mons

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Water flow into Chryse around Dromond Crater and breaking into the crater and through it

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Fractured terrain in northern plains, similar to terrestrial polygon processes only much larger  These are about 5-10 km apart

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Pedestal craters

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Lava flow from Arsia Mons 1500 km away floods older cratered landscape  Illustrates “crater-rating” method of relative chronology

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Cirrus clouds, bigger’n beans!

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Cyclone in northern plains

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Stereo pairs as one way to estimate elevation

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Parana Valles in Margaritifer Sinus  Check out the dendritic drainage!

C.M. Rodrigue, 2007 Geography, CSULB Mars: Data from Robotic Missions  NASA Viking  Two orbiter/lander combinations: Viking 1 and 2  Dust trapped in Kaiser Crater  Creates a dune field