Physics 681: Solar Physics and Instrumentation – Lecture 9 Carsten Denker NJIT Physics Department Center for Solar–Terrestrial Research.

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Presentation transcript:

Physics 681: Solar Physics and Instrumentation – Lecture 9 Carsten Denker NJIT Physics Department Center for Solar–Terrestrial Research

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research Polarimetry  Zeeman splitting  Assume weak magnetic field (LS or Russel-Saunders coupling)  Quantum numbers: L orbital angular momentum of the electrons, S spin angular momentum, J total angular momentum, and M J magnetic quantum number  Landé factor  Displacement of the line in the presence of a magnetic field  Normal Zeeman effect or Lorentz triplet: S = S’ = 0 and ΔM J = –1, 0, +1  g* = –1, 0, +1

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research Normal and Anomalous Zeeman Effect

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research  Solar spectral lines are broadened by micro- and macro-turbulence and by pressure  the components of a Zeeman multiplet are normally not resolved  The triplet consists of two shifted σ-components and an unshifted π- component  Longitudinal Zeeman effect: line-of-sight (LOS) || B  σ-components with circular polarization of opposite sense  Transverse Zeeman effect: LOS ̲|̲̲ B  π-component (linearly polarized ̲|̲̲ B ) and σ-components (linearly polarized || B )  Δλ B ≈ λ 2  Δλ D ≈ λ  Polarized light (propagating in the z-direction)  Stokes vector

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research Schlichenmaier and Collados (2002)

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research Bellot Rubio et al. (2004)

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research  Superposition of a large number of independent waves  Degree of polarization  Stokes profiles I(λ), Q(λ), U(λ), and V(λ)  Longitudinal Zeeman triplet

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research Unno’s Equations

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research Transfer of Polarized Light  Longitudinal magnetic field  Radiative transfer equations

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research  Transverse magnetic field  Radiative transfer equations

September 27, 2005Center for Solar-Terrestrial Research SOLIS