Spanish Politics and Society Hispanic & European Studies Program Fall 2009 Raimundo Viejo Viñas Office 20.182

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Presentation transcript:

Spanish Politics and Society Hispanic & European Studies Program Fall 2009 Raimundo Viejo Viñas Office

Institutions of Spanish Democracy, 1 Political parties and party system

What’s a political party?  A political party is a group of people that is organised for the purpose of winning government power by electoral (or other) means.  Political parties as such: … aim to exercise government power by winning political office … are organised bodies with a formal membership … adopt a broad issue focus, addressing each area of government policy … are united by shared political preferences

Main functions of political parties  Representation  Elite formation and recruitment  Goal formulation  Interest articulation and aggregation  Socialization and mobilization  Organization of government

Types of political parties  Caucus parties (elite parties) and mass parties  Catch-all parties and electoral-professional parties  Media parties and Cartel parties  Post-materialist parties (green parties, animal rights parties, etc)

Government Formation: Parliamentary Systems Party systemAssemblyGovernment One-party Dominant One-party majorityDominant party government – Japan, Sweden, South Africa Two-party systemOne-party majority or near-majority One-party government with swings between the two main parties – Greece, Norway, Spain, UK. Multi-party systemsMulti-party assembliesCoalition government

Spanish Political Parties  Left-right cleavage (socio-economic dimension) Partido Socialista Obrero Español, PSOE (center-left wing party) Partido Popular, PP (right-wing party) Izquierda Unida, IU (federation of left-wing parties)  Centre-periphery cleavage (territorial dimension) Convergència i Unió (Catalan liberal and christian- democratic coalition) Euzko Alderdi Jeltzalea (Basque christian-democratic party) Esquerra Republicana de Catalunya (Catalan pro- independence party) Bloque Nacionalista Galego (Galician nationalist coalition) Coalición Canaria, Chunta Aragonesista, and others.

Centre-right party positions Party AP/PP PSOE PCE/IU

Spanish party system, 1  Spanish democratic elections can be separated in four different phases:  1977 and 1979 founding elections (UCD governments)  Socialist absolute majorities (sudden disappearance of the UCD)  Conservatives and Socialists alternating majorities

Spanish Party system  Main features of Spanish party system Electoral volatility Party-system fragmentation Governability and competitiveness Moderation

Electoral volatility Electoral Volatility YearsTotal Volatility Intrabloc Volatility Interbloc Volatility

Party-system fragmentation Effective Number of Parties YearsElectoralParliamentary

Governability and competitiveness Electoral and Parliamentary Competitiveness YearsElectoralParliamentaryParties UCD-PSOE UCD-PSOE PSOE-AP PSOE-AP PSOE-PP PSOE-PP PP-PSOE PP-PSOE