Announcements 2/2/11 Exam review session (tentative): Friday, 3-4:30 pm a. a.I will send email tomorrow with final date/time, and room location. (Vote.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Heat Engines, Entropy, and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Advertisements

QUICK QUIZ 22.1 (end of section 22.1)

The Laws of Thermodynamics

Warm-up Complete the Free response you picked up at the door.

Thermodynamics versus Statistical Mechanics

Kinetic Theory and Thermodynamics

EGR 334 Thermodynamics Chapter 9: Sections 1-2

Chapter 2 The Second Law. Why does Q (heat energy) go from high temperature to low temperature? cold hot Q flow Thermodynamics explains the direction.

Intermediate Physics for Medicine and Biology Chapter 3: Systems of Many Particles Professor Yasser M. Kadah Web:

Announcements 9/26/12 Prayer Exam 1 starts Saturday morning, goes until Thursday evening On Friday at the start of class I will talk a bit about what to.

PHYSICS 231 INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS I Lecture 19. First Law of Thermodynamics Work done by/on a gas Last Lecture.

Entropy Physics 202 Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 15.

Announcements 9/16/11 Prayer Still at least three unregistered clickers: , 16488CD2, 1DAE9D2E “Real” thermodynamics (more unified, fewer disjointed.

Chapter 18 The Second Law of Thermodynamics. Irreversible Processes Irreversible Processes: always found to proceed in one direction Examples: free expansion.

Reading Quiz (graded) Which of the following is NOT true of the work done on a gas as it goes from one point on a PV diagram to another? (a) It cannot.

Dr. Jie ZouPHY Chapter 20 Heat and the First Law of Thermodynamics (cont.)

Announcements 2/4/11 Exam starts Tuesday, goes until next Tuesday (late fee on last day after 5 pm) Exam review session: today, 3-4:30 pm, room C261 

Announcements 9/27/10 5 days left to get your clicker registered Exam review session: Thurs, 8-9:30 pm, room C460 Reading assignment for Wednesday: a.

Announcements 1/24/11 Prayer Substitute today: Dr. Stokes Today’s topics: a. a.PV diagrams b. b.Work c. c.Isothermal contours d. d.Internal energy e. e.First.

Announcements 9/28/11 A word about HW 13…

Prayer Wednesday is last lecture on Thermodynamics a. a.Reading assignment for Wed is posted to class website: the “What is entropy” handout in Supplementary.

Announcements 9/26/11 Exam review session: Friday, 4 pm, room C460 Reading assignment for Wednesday: a. a.Section 22.8 – Especially read the marble example.

Announcements 9/19/11 Prayer HW: Your responsibility is NOT just to get the right answer, it’s to persuade Chris you know what you’re doing Answer this.

Announcements 9/29/10 Three days to register your clicker. Exam starts Saturday Exam review session: Thurs, 8-9:30 pm, room C460 Reduced Tutorial Lab hours.

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

PTT 201/4 THERMODYNAMIC SEM 1 (2012/2013). Objectives Apply the second law of thermodynamics to processes. Define a new property called entropy to quantify.

Prayer Remote Desktop check Exam starts a week from tomorrow a. a.Avoid Oct 1 and Oct 3 if possible Results of doodle.com voting: a. a.Exam review will.

Announcements 9/14/12 Prayer “Real” thermodynamics (more unified, fewer disjointed topics): a. a.Today – – PV diagrams – – work – – isothermal contours.

Chapter 15 Thermodynamics. MFMcGrawChap15d-Thermo-Revised 5/5/102 Chapter 15: Thermodynamics The first law of thermodynamics Thermodynamic processes Thermodynamic.

Thermodynamics Chapter 15. Expectations After this chapter, students will:  Recognize and apply the four laws of thermodynamics  Understand what is.

Chapter 22 Heat Engines, Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics.

Heat Engines, Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Heat Engines, Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics

Too many particles… can’t keep track! Use pressure (p) and volume (V) instead. Temperature (T) measures the tendency of an object to spontaneously give.

Announcements 9/24/12 Exam review session: Wed, 5-6:30 pm, room C295 Reading assignment for Wednesday, see footnote in syllabus: a. a.Lecture 13 reading:

Copyright©2000 by Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved. 1 AP Chem h/w , 17, 19, 23, 24, 26, 28, 30, 31.

Lecture slides by Mehmet Kanoglu

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics Follow-up Kinetics The reaction pathway Thermodynamics the initial and final states.

Physics I Entropy: Reversibility, Disorder, and Information Prof. WAN, Xin

P2P2P2P2 PfPfPfPf P=nRT/V Work in an Irreversible Isothermal Expansion [T constant] V2V2V2V2 VfVfVfVf Pressure Volume PiPiPiPi Path 2: w2= -P2 [V2-Vi]

C H A P T E R 15 Thermodynamics Topics to be covered Laws of thermodynamics: Zeroth law, First law, Second law, and Third law Thermal Processes: Isobaric,

Chapter 21ENTROPY AND THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS 21.1 Some One-Way Processes Consider the following examples: Example 1: If you drop a stone, it.

Entropy Physics 102 Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 8 “Entropy isn’t what it used to be.” --Anonymous physicist.

Announcements 9/19/12 Prayer Exam 1 starts a week from Saturday! a. a.A will send out a link for a doodle.com survey about exam review times; please vote.

The Second Law of Thermodynamics

Lecture 5 – The Second Law (Ch. 2)

Announcements 9/17/12 Prayer SPS Opening Social: Thursday 5-7 pm Answer this question while you’re waiting for class to start: Ralph is confused because.

Second law of Thermodynamics A gas expands to fill the available volume. A hot body cools to the temperature of its surroundings. A chemical reaction runs.

Entropy Changes in Irreversible Processes The efficiency of an irreversible Carnot cycle is always less than the efficiency of a reversible Carnot cycle.

Lecture 9 Overview (Ch. 1-3) Format of the first midterm: four problems with multiple questions. The Ideal Gas Law, calculation of  W,  Q and dS for.

Lecture 9 Pg Midterm coming up… Monday April 7 pm (conflict 5:15pm) Covers: Lectures 1-12 (not including thermal radiation) HW 1-4 Discussion.

First Law of Thermodynamics

Thermodynamics Davidson College APSI Ideal Gas Equations P 1 V 1 / T 1 = P 2 V 2 / T 2 PV = n R T (using moles) P V = N k B T (using molecules)  P:

Work, Energy & Heat The First Law: Some Terminology System: Well defined part of the universe Surrounding: Universe outside the boundary of the system.

Thermodynamics Thermodynamics is a branch of physics concerned with heat and temperature and their relation to energy and work.

Lecture 7. Thermodynamic Identities (Ch. 3). Diffusive Equilibrium and Chemical Potential Sign “-”: out of equilibrium, the system with the larger  S/

Review Engines a. a.Picture b. b.Relationship between Q h, Q c, and |W| c. c.Defn of efficiency d. d.How to calculate efficiency Class-designed engine.

Q18. First Law of Thermodynamics. 1.A quantity of an ideal gas is compressed to half its initial volume. The process may be adiabatic, isothermal or isobaric.

THE SECOND LAW OF THERMODYNAMICS Entropy. Entropy and the direction of time Microscopically the eqs. of physics are time reversible ie you can turn the.

Thermodynamics AP B. ‘its hot enough to fry an egg on the sidewalk’

Chapter 20 Lecture 35: Entropy and the Second Law of Thermodynamics HW13 (problems):19.3, 19.10, 19.44, 19.75, 20.5, 20.18, 20.28,

C H A P T E R 15 Thermodynamics

Results of Midterm 1 # of students

Lon-Capa 4th HW assignment due tonight by 5 pm.

Entropy & Energy Quality

Lecture 45 Entropy Clausius theorem Entropy as a state function

Spontaneous process; reverse would never be observed, why ??

Consider an isothermal reversible expansion of an ideal gas

Presentation transcript:

Announcements 2/2/11 Exam review session (tentative): Friday, 3-4:30 pm a. a.I will send tomorrow with final date/time, and room location. (Vote today if you haven’t yet!) Reading assignment for Friday: a. a.Section 22.8 – Especially the marble example (Ex. 22.7, in my edition), but not the “Adiabatic Free Expansion: One Last Time” example (Ex. 22.8, in my edition). b. b.The “What is entropy?” handout posted to website – Read up through Example 1. Please spend at least ~10 minutes glancing over it, or you will likely be really confused in class on Friday.

Reading quiz Which of the following is a version of the Second Law of Thermodynamics? a. a.The entropy of any system decreases in all real processes b. b.The entropy of any system increases in all real processes c. c.The entropy of the Universe decreases in all real processes d. d.The entropy of the Universe increases in all real processes

Time for some physics humor Xkcd comic: Thermodynamics song: a. a.

Second Law Clausius: Heat spontaneously flows from hot to cold, not the other way around Why? Order. Which hand is more likely?

Microstates vs Macrostates Hand on left a. a.microstate = A spades, K spd, Q spd, J spd, 10 spd b. b.macrostate = ? c. c.How many microstates make up that macrostate? Hand on right a. a.microstate = 2 spades, 3 diam, 7 heart, 8 clubs, Q diam b. b.macrostate = ? c. c.How many microstates make up that macrostate? The most common macrostates are those that…

Probability  Heat flow You separate a deck into two halves: one is 70% red, 30% black; the other is 30% red, 70% black. What will happen if you randomly exchange cards between the two?

Thermodynamics For the air in this room, right now: a. a.Microstate = ? b. b.Macrostate = ? Hold this thought until Friday

A New State Variable State variables we know: P, V, T, E int Observation: doesn’t depend on path  Something is a state variable! Assumption: path is well defined, T exists whole time  “Internally reversible” A B P V

“Proof” by example, monatomic gas Path 1: A  C  B Path 2: A  D  B (D  B = isothermal) A B P V C D V1V1 2V 1 4V 1 P1P1 2P 1 Path 1: A  C + C  B Path 2: A  D + D  B Equal?

Entropy: S Assume S = 0 is defined somewhere. (That’s actually the Third Law, not mentioned in your textbook.) Integral only defined for internally reversible paths, but… S is a state variable! …so it doesn’t matter what path you use to calculate it! Advertisement: On Friday I’ll (try to) explain how/why this quantity is related to microstates & macrostates

 S for “free expansion” What is V 2 ? T 2 ? P 2 ? How to find  S?  S for adiabatic? Adiabats as constant entropy contours (“isentropic” changes) Wait… isn’t “free expansion” an adiabatic process? beforeafter

 S for isothermal?  S for const. volume?  S for const. pressure?

 S of Universe  S of gas doesn’t depend on path (state variable): What about  S of surroundings? What about  S total =  S gas +  S surroundings ? A B P V (See HW problem 12-4)