Knowledge Management Oswaldo Salcedo Brian Wight Travis Gibbs

Knowledge?  A collection of data is not information.  A collection of information is not knowledge.  A collection of knowledge is not wisdom.  A collection of wisdom is not truth.

Creating Value  We must manage data about The past Info about the organization, its market, the competition, and The pattern that relates all these things.  This enables a reliable level of predictability of the future.

Knowledge Management  Capture, retention, and reuse of knowledge.  Without “on-demand” access to managed knowledge, situations are addressed with only a piece of everything the organization knows about a similar situation.

Functionality and Differences of systems Functionality  File Synchronization  Metadata  Version control and security Differences  Types of files supported  System scalability  User interface customizability

Different categories  Digital Asset Management provides customizable views of a stored file.  Content Management Systems provide a customizable way to search the content.  Enterprise Content Management supports the complete asset life cycle  Enterprise Publishing creates virtual work groups sharing content  Electronic Document Capture helps with the transition of unstructured paper documents to digital assets.  Brand Resource Management is focused on syndication of brand, and maintains brand integrity.

Things to keep in mind when shopping for a system.  Is it customizable? Molding it to the way you work is important.  Is it relational? Stored files must have links to all related media  Is it secure? Control who sees what and that the information is secure as it travels among computers.  Is it Flexible? Get client software that allows access from Macintosh and PC, and file conversion should be easy so it can be used on different computers.

Metadata  OAIster University of Michigan Digital Library Production Service  Goal: Create a collection of freely available, previously difficult-to-access, academically- oriented digital resources  OAIster Home OAIster Home

Harvesting Metadata  Two Approaches: Federated:  No storage needed = High Network Traffic. Periodic:  Everyday storage = Low Network Traffic.

Digital Libraries  Definition: A library in which a significant proportion of the resources are accessible by means of computers. The digital content may be locally held or accessed remotely via computer networks. The use of search engines, Optical Character Recognition, and metadata allow digital copies of individual items (i.e. text, images, audio, and video) to be cataloged and then accessed easily by authorized personnel in the future.

Advantages  No physical boundary and round the clock avaiability Just need an internet connection  Multiple accesses The same resources can be used at the same time by a number of users.  Structured approach provides access to much richer content in a more structured manner, i.e. we can easily move from the catalog to the particular book then to a particular chapter and so on.  Information retrieval The user is able to use any search term bellowing to the word or phrase of the entire collection.  Preservation and conservation An exact copy of the original can be made any number of times without any degradation in quality.  Space have the potential to store much more information, simply because digital information requires very little physical space  Networking A particular digital library can provide the link to any other resources

Disadvantages  Cost costs for the conversion of print materials into digital format costs for the technical skills of staff to maintain them Costs of maintaining online access (i.e servers, bandwidth costs, etc.) the costs of migrating every few years to the latest digital media (Hardware and skilled personnel costs)  Reading Ease Printed material easier on the eyes than reading off of a computer screen  Data may become out-of-date and inaccessible due to technological advances  Hampered by copyright law The content is, in many cases, public domain or self-generated content only Some digital libraries work to digitize out-of-copyright works and make them freely available to the public.

Choosing a Software Platform: Things to consider File formats supported (text, images, datasets, video, audio, etc.) metadata standards (descriptive, technical, preservation, rights) Interoperability (OAI compliance, SRW, Z39.50, etc.) user authentication and authorization search/browse of metadata Open-source vs. proprietary Costs technical support availability and methods  Fee vs. free  Medium used (by phone, by , via online forums, etc.) Scalability (able to grow with the needs of the firm) backup and recovery system maintenance Extensibility (access to other firm resources, systems) Customization internationalization/multilingual support (languages)

Software Platform: DSpace  Description: DSpace is a digital library system designed to capture, store, index, preserve, and redistribute the intellectual output of a university’s research faculty in digital formats. It was developed jointly by HP Labs and MIT Libraries.  Availability Free, open source software Distributed through the BSD open source license Download at

DSpace Features All content types accepted Dublin Core metadata standard Customizable web interface OAI compliant (Open Archives Initiative Protocol for Metadata Harvesting: supports harvest of any form of metadata) Workflow process for content submission Import/export capabilities Decentralized submission process Extensible through Java API Full text search using Lucene or Google Database: PostgreSQL, or SQL database that supports transactions, such as Oracle, MySQL.

DSpace Technical Support Universities using DSpace  Technical support DSpace-Tech mailing list for technical questions, discussions:  Example sites Cambridge University Cranfield University Drexel University Duke University University of Edinburgh Erasmus University of Rotterdam Glasgow University Hong Kong University of Science & Technology Library Massachusetts Institute of Technology Université de Montréal (Erudit) University of Oregon

Software Platform: Fedora  Description: Jointly developed by University of Virginia and Cornell University, Fedora (Flexible Extensible Digital Object Repository) serves as a foundation for building interoperable web-based digital libraries, institutional repositories, and other information management systems. It demonstrates how you can deploy a distributed digital library architecture using web-based technologies, including XML and Web services.  Availability Free, open source Distributed under the Mozilla open source license Information available on future release of Fedora Phase 2: Download the current release, Fedora at

Fedora Features Any content type accepted Dublin Core metadata OAI compliant XML submission and storage Extensibility: APIs for management, access, web services Content versioning Migration utility

Fedora Technical Support Universities Using Fedora  Technical support Free online support through mailing list: rg/mailman/listinfo/fedora-users Fedora WIKI:  Example sites Indiana University Kings College, London New York University Northwestern University Oxford University Rutgers University Tufts University University of Virginia Yale University

NSDL: The National Science Digital Library (created by the National Science Foundation)  A free online library  Mission: to provide organized access to high quality, accurate, and truly useful resources and tools that support innovations in teaching and learning at all levels of science, technology, engineering and mathematics education  The rapid acceleration of info online makes finding this material challenging without this solution NSDLNSDL website

There are many other platforms Archimede bepress CDSware (CERN Document Server Software) CONTENTdm EPrints Greenstone Open Repository Opus MyCoRe i-Tor ARNO

Knowledge Management in Action  Coca-Cola example