An Overview of Meiyu Research: Before and After the TAMEX Project Department of Atmospheric Sciences National Taiwan University Taipei, Taiwan ( ) George Tai-Jen Chen

● Some Key Events Related to TAMEX ● Influences of TAMEX on Taiwan Meteorological Community ● Progress of Meiyu Research in Last 40 Years (1968–2007)

Some Key Events Related to TAMEX Before 1987 Field Phase During May–June 1987 Field Phase Follow-up Research Phase(1988–1992)

Before 1987 Field Phase May 28, 1981 heavy rainfall / flash flood events: $400–600 M in damage National Science Council called for proposal on disaster prevention research Project of Heavy Rainfall Research in Meiyu Season was proposed and sponsored. 1983–1986 planning phase of TAMEX Taiwan (ROC): 5 universities / colleges + 3 operational agencies (CWB, CAF, and CAA) / 40 professors and experts participated. USA: 15 universities + 4 research agencies / 50 professors, scientists, and experts.

TAMEX Planning Group (1985, 2, 7)

CSD / NCAR talk on TAMEX (1985, 2, 7)

CSU talk on TAMEX (1985, 2, 9)

Planning Meeting / NCAR (1986, 9, 3)

During May–June 1987 Field Phase Taiwan (ROC): 4 universities + 11 governmental agencies (80 scientists technical and administrative persons / students) USA: 11 universities + NSF, NCAR + NOAA+ NRL (75 scientists / researcher / students) 13 IOPS + 10 P-3 flight missions

Follow-up Research Phase(1988–1992) ＊ Basic Research Feb. 9–11, 1988 Workshop / NCAR June 22–30, 1989 Workshop / Taipei Sep. 24–26, 1990 Workshop / NCAR Dec. 3–6, 1991 Intl. Conf. on Mesoscale Meteorology and TAMEX / Taipei Nov TAMEX Special Issues in Mon. Wea. Rev. Dec TAMEX Special Issues in TAO

＊ Operational Research Nov. 22, 1989 Planning Group Formed Dec. 15, 1989 Project Office Formed Dec. 30, Working Groups Formed (60 persons) Feb. 26–March 3, 1990 Taiwan / US Planning Meeting ( I ) / Taipei May 14, 1990 Reform of Working Groups and Training Groups Dec. 17, 1990 US Advisory Group Formed (6 persons); 10 Working Groups (80 persons) April 22–23 + May 1–3, 1991 Taiwan / US Planning Meeting (II) / Taipei May 19–June 20, 1991 Pilot Exercises / CWB June 25, 1991 Advisory Meeting / NCAR Dec. 7– Taiwan / US Planning Meeting (III) / HengChun May 1–June 30, 1992 Post TAMEX Forecast Exercises / CWB Nowcasting Room

1992 TAMEX Forecast Exercise

Influences of TAMEX on Taiwan Meteorological Community Mordenization of Operational Community Collaboration and Integration of Academic and Operational Communities

Mordenization of Operational Community (e.g. CWB) Mesonetwork of Surface Observations (weather stations and raingauges) Doppler Rader Network WINS (Weather Integration and Nowcasting system) Operational Mesoscale Model Others

Collaboration and Integration of Academic and Operational Communities Taiwan WRP (2000–2010) 1) GIMEX (Green Island Mesoscale Exp.): May–June ) MEFSEA (Mesoscale Ensemble QPF System): Aug. 2003–July ) SoWFEX (Southwesterly Flow Observation and Heavy Rain Predication Exp.): Aug. 2006–July ) Taiwan / USA TIMREX (Taiwan Island Monsoon Rainfall Experiment): Aug. 2007–July 2010 Basic Weather Research Project (Organizer: Prof. Ben Jon, after TAMEX) Applied Weather Research Project in Forecast / Prediction (Organizer: Deputy Director-General of CWB Dr. S. S. Chi, after TAMEX)

Progress of Meiyu Research in Last 40 Years(1968–2007) Papers published in the international journals Papers published on the synoptic environments and mesoscale features Research by various countries Journal papers of TAMEX

May-Juan ≦ 30 °N East Asia (Meiyu) Journals ： Mon. Wea. Rev., J. Atmos. Soc., Wea. Forecasting, Bull. Amer. Meteor. Soc., J. Appl. Meteor., J. Climate, Quart. J. Roy. Meteor. Soc., J. Meteor. Soc. Japan, Meteor. Atmos. Phys., Atmos. Environ., Terr. Atmos. Ocean. Keywords ： Mei-Yu, Mei-yu, meiyu, rainy season, Taiwan, southern China, front, MCS, LLJ, CMR, topographic, topography, orographic, orography, Taiwan area, monsoon JMSJAMS others MWR Totals TAOQJ/MAP/AE Rapid increase in the total number of papers after TAMEX, particularly Mon. Wea. Rev. Papers Published in the International Journals

Env Front MCSLLJ Topo Rapid increase in the number of papers in all mesoscale phenomena (MCS, Front, LLJ) after TAMEX Much faster and steady growth in the number of papers in synoptic environment Papers Published on the Synoptic Environments and Mesoscale Features Others EnvFront LLJ MCS Topo

Rapid increase in the number of first authors from USA after TAMEX Much faster and steady growth in the number of first authors in Taiwan after TAMEX USAJPN Taiwanothers Research by Various Countries

Journal Ppapers of TAMEX