Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue  Found throughout the body; most abundant and widely distributed in primary tissues  Connective tissue proper  Cartilage  Bone  Blood

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Functions of Connective Tissue  Binding and support  Protection  Insulation  Transportation

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Characteristics of Connective Tissue  Connective tissues have:  vascularity  Nonliving  ground substance  Fibers – collagen, elastic, or reticular  Cells – fibroblasts, chondroblasts, osteoblasts, and hematopoietic stem cells

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Fibers  Collagen – tough provides tensile strength  Elastic – fibers that stretch  Reticular – branched collagenous fibers that form delicate networks

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Cells  Fibroblasts – connective tissue proper  Adipose cells  Chondroblasts – cartilage  Osteoblasts – bone  White blood cells, plasma cells, macrophages, and mast cells

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Areolar Connective Tissue: Model Figure 4.8

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Proper: Loose Figure 4.9a

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Proper: Adipose Figure 4.9b

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Proper: Loose - Reticular Figure 4.9c

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Regular Figure 4.9d

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue Proper: Dense Irregular Figure 4.9e

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue: Hyaline Cartilage Figure 4.9f

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue: Elastic Cartilage Figure 4.9g

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue: Fibrocartilage Cartilage Figure 4.9h

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Connective Tissue: Bone (Osseous Tissue) Figure 4.9i

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Membranes – association of two types of tissue Epithelial and Connective: Mucous Serous Cutaneous Connective and Connective: Synovial Membrane

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Epithelial Membranes: Mucous Membrane  Mucous – lines body cavities open to the exterior (e.g., digestive and respiratory tracts) Figure 4.12b

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Epithelial Membranes: Serous Membranes Figure 4.12c  Serous – moist membranes found covering internal organs and lining body cavities

Copyright © 2006 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings Epithelial Membranes:Cutaneous Membrane  Cutaneous – skin Figure 4.12a