Good CoP, bad CoP the paradoxes of (capacity) development for re- creating higher education in Africa Arjen E.J. Wals

Authoritative Hierarchical Training Participatory Democratic Social Learning Open Self-determined Co-created Closed Predetermined Prescribed ColonialNeo-colonial Post- colonial Instructor s Coaches Facilitators & co-learners Ad hoc Continuous Ad hoc Co-creators Passive receivers Active receivers Com. of Performers Com. of Practice

Staged responses to sustainability (free after Sterling 2004) How can we move from a Community of Performers in the theatre of development, to a Community of (reflexive) Practitioners committed to genuine societal change?