Vegetation That Meets Your Needs From Shoulder to Shoulder MARK STANNARD PLANT MATERIALS CENTER PULLMAN, WASHINGTON

USDA STATISTICS REVIEW TEAM 2005

Finding Vegetative Solutions to Conservation Problems

Goal - Stability

Goal - Stability Solution - Plant it

Conservation Grass PMC Production Field

Technology Development: PMC Sediment Deposition Study

Road Plants of Old Smooth Brome Smooth Brome Orchardgrass Orchardgrass White Clover White Clover Tall Fescue Tall Fescue Red Fescue Red Fescue Slender Wheatgrass Slender Wheatgrass Canada Bluegrass Canada Bluegrass Small Burnett Small Burnett

….getting the right solutions

NATIVE VS INTRODUCED

Roadside Vegetation - Goal 2005

NATIVE Ecologically Friendly Ecologically Friendly Long Term Persistence Long Term Persistence Maximum Resource Utilization Maximum Resource Utilization Noninvasive Noninvasive Utilize in areas where they have high potential of success Utilize in areas where they have high potential of success

INTRODUCED Fast establishing Fast establishing Adapted to harsh environments Adapted to harsh environments Inexpensive Inexpensive History of performance History of performance “Introduced” is not synonymous with “invasive” “Introduced” is not synonymous with “invasive” Use sparingly Use sparingly Use in areas where weed encroachment is almost inevitable Use in areas where weed encroachment is almost inevitable

Seedling Emergence

Annuals Wheat Wheat Triticale Triticale Barley Barley Regreen or Sterile Triticale Regreen or Sterile Triticale Rye…...NO Rye…...NO Annual Fescue……NO Annual Fescue……NO Mustards……NO Mustards……NO Medics……..NO Medics……..NO

Introduced Revegetation Plants Orchardgrass Orchardgrass Perennial Ryegrass Perennial Ryegrass Hard Fescue Hard Fescue Canada Bluegrass Canada Bluegrass Alfalfa Alfalfa Small Burnett Small Burnett Blue Flax Blue Flax

Native Revegetation Plants Mountain brome Mountain brome Slender wheatgrass Slender wheatgrass Tufted hairgrass Tufted hairgrass Sandberg’s bluegrass Sandberg’s bluegrass Bottlebrush squirreltail Bottlebrush squirreltail Idaho fescue Idaho fescue Beardless wheatgrass Beardless wheatgrass Thickspike wheatgrass Thickspike wheatgrass Lewis flax Lewis flax Penstemons Penstemons Bluebunch wheatgrass Bluebunch wheatgrass Big bluegrass Big bluegrass Redosier Dogwood Redosier Dogwood Mockorange Mockorange Willows Willows

Plants to Remove from your List Smooth brome Smooth brome Tall fescue Tall fescue Kentucky bluegrass Kentucky bluegrass Creeping Foxtail Creeping Foxtail Intermediate wheatgrass Intermediate wheatgrass Yellow Sweetclover Yellow Sweetclover

New Plants on the Horizon Blue wildrye Blue wildrye Fast establishing Fast establishing Short-lived Short-lived Easy to produce Easy to produce Easy to seed Easy to seed Palouse Ecotype “Union Flat” Palouse Ecotype “Union Flat” East-slope Cascade Ecotype “Little Naches” East-slope Cascade Ecotype “Little Naches”

New Plants on the Horizon

Native Lupines

Break Tradition – Think Outside the Box

Pearly Everlasting