Kingdoms of West Africa Chapter 10 Section 3

Key Terms Sundiata Mans Musa Sunni Ali Askia Muhammad

Empire of Ghana 800’s a powerful empire Rise of Ghana No easy access to the sea Sahara blocked it Traders learned how to cross the Sahara

The Rise of Ghana Traded Gold Copper Salt food

A Trading Partner 600 AD Ghana controlled all trade in salt and gold Ghana’s king taxed goods Only kings could own gold nuggets People could own gold dust

A Trading Partner Kept location of mines a secret Kings lived a lavish lifestyle Kept trade route free from bandits Captives sold as slaves to Muslim traders

Ghana’s Decline Fought a long war with a Berber King 1076 Almorvids capture Ghana’s capitol Did not last long

Mali Empire Malinke people 1230 Mali becomes powerful leader Sundiata- leader of Mali’s rise to power Story of his reign in an epic

Mansa Musa Came to power in 1330 40 million in Mali’s territory Used large army to control trade Devout Muslim 1324 went on a Haji Took 60,000 people

Mans Musa Gave away so much gold the value was reduced Brought back artists and architects Build mosques, schools and libraries City of Timbuktu Was placed on European maps

The Decline of Mali Weak leaders after Mans Musa People broke into separate kingdoms 1433 Tuareg captures Timbuktu

Empire of Songhai Islam was introduced 1460 rivaled Mali Sunni Ali leader to take Timbuktu from the Tuareg Army was cavalry, navy of war canoes Replaced local leaders with his own leaders

Askia Muhammad Ruled for 35 years First Muslim ruler Made pilgrimage to Mecca Made contact with traders Trans Saharan trade back on Enlarged borders to protect trade

Other West African States Hausa city-states 1000-1200 Never unite as an empire Farming, manufacturing and trade Farm labor by slaves Hausa skilled weavers and dyers

Yoruba Kingdom Lived in same area and spoke similar languages Produced strong kingdoms 1100 to 1400’s Artistic skills Sculptures of terra cotta, bronze , brass and copper

Kingdom of Benin Southwest of Yoruba Deep in the forests of Niger Benin was the capitol 14000’s Ewuare goes to war Sold slaves to Portugal Known for their arts Became popular in Europe