Analysis of Water Resources Management Strategies for the Santa Ana River Watershed Region: Reuse, Recharge, Use Efficiency Nathan Adams Heather Allen Amy Burgard Courtney Dietz Po Chi Fung Karl Rittger Advisors: Dr. Arturo Keller and Dr. Robert Wilkinson DONALD BREN SCHOOL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SANTA BARBARA

Presentation Overview  Opportunity  Significance  Background & Baseline  Results  Recommendations SARW = Santa Ana River Watershed Headwaters of the Santa Ana River

Opportunity Source: CA State Water Plan,

Goals  Use Local & Regional UWMPs to establish baseline demand & supply projections  Identify the potential for alternative water management strategies in the region.  Analyze future water resources scenarios for the region.  Identify barriers to implementation of strategies.

SARW Region - Overview

Significance Potentially increase local water reliance in the SARW Region by: Reducing Demand Increasing Local Supply Water Use Efficiency AFY Water Reuse & Recharge

Source: MWD RUWMP, 2005 Demand Drivers

SARW Region Demand Source: MWD RUWMP, 2005.

SARW Region Supply Source: EMWD, IEUA, MWDOC, WMWD and Cities of Anaheim, Fullerton, Santa Ana UWMP, 2005.

Alternative Future Scenarios  Demand Scenarios Baseline – MWD Projections Pacific Institute Efficiency Evapotranspiration (ET) Controller California Appropriate Landscapes (CALscapes)  Supply Scenarios Baseline – Regional UWMP Projections 75% Maximum Reuse / Baseline Recharge 75% Maximum Reuse / Maximum Recharge 95% Maximum Reuse / Maximum Recharge

WASEM WAter Scenario Evaluation Model  Facilitates developing and assessing water demand & supply scenario options  Model used for the State Water Plan 2005  Focus on Water Use Efficiency for the Region

Formation of Demand Scenarios

WASEM Demand Projections CALscape Demand Scenario in 2025 results in: Reduction from baseline = 525,132 AF or 27% 27%

Source: AGWA, 2000 Supply Options - Groundwater Recharge  Groundwater currently comprises 36% of total water supply for the SARW Region.

Supply Options - Reuse  Non-potable reuse Landscape irrigation Agricultural irrigation Industrial cooling Toilet flushing Wetlands enhancement  Indirect potable reuse Recharge groundwater aquifers Surface water reservoir augmentation

Supply Scenario Results 11% Max Local Supplies Scenario in 2025 results in: Increase over baseline = 260,000 AF or 11%

Reduction in Demand (CALscape Demand Scenario) 525,000 AF + Increase Local Supplies (Max Local Supplies Scenario) 260,000 AF = 785,000 AF Potential Reduction in Imports Approach to Reducing Imports

????? 0% 20% 40% 60% 100% 80% 20% 40% 60% 80% 0% Baseline Demand + Baseline Supply Scenario 64% 36% Baseline Scenario Pacific Institute Demand + 75% Reuse/Baseline Recharge Supply Scenario 77% 23% Pacific Institute Demand + 75% Reuse/Baseline Recharge Supply Scenario 88% 12% ET Controller Demand + 75% Reuse/Max Recharge Supply Scenario CALscapes Demand + Maximum Supply Scenario 97% 3% CALscapes Demand + Maximum Supply Scenario % Local Supplies % Imported Supplies 2025

Maximizing Local Reliance  Potential to reduce imports to 3% of total projected supply in Reduction of ~785,000 Acre-Feet of imported water through water Reuse, Recharge, & Use Efficiency management strategies.

Barriers  Cost Costs to develop & implement strategies  Land Use Planning Planning for Purple Pipe  Capitalizing on the Opportunities Education/Awareness

Benefits  Reliability  $1B in avoided costs  Enhancement of local ecosystems  Improvement in local and coastal water quality  Reduction of impacts to the Colorado River & SF Bay Delta Source: DWR State Water Plan Update 2005

Recommendations  Maximize cost-effective urban water use efficiency technologies & programs  Maximize the capture & recharge of stormwater  Maximize reuse opportunities  Increase regional cooperation between water agencies

Special thanks to…  Our Client: Stephanie Barger, Earth Resources Foundation  Dr. Arturo Keller  Dr. Bob Wilkinson  Dr. John Melack  Dr. Mike McGinnis  Dr. David Groves  Martha Davis, IEUA  Rick Whetsel & Peter Vitt, SAWPA  The Bren School Faculty and Staff

Thank You! QUESTIONS? COMMENTS?

Case Studies  Reuse Inland Empire Utilities Agency Marin County Water Authority Los Angeles County Sanitation District  Recharge Association of Groundwater Agencies (AGWA) OCWD’s Groundwater Replenishment Project United Water Conservation District in Santa Paula  Use Efficiency Irvine Ranch Water District’s study on Smart Irrigation Controllers Southern Nevada Water Agency’s Xeriscape Program Canada Mortgage and Housing Corporation’s Dual Flush Toilet Project

Project Approach  Background Research Urban Water Management Plans (UWMPs) 2005 State Water Plan Case Studies  Successful strategies  Barriers to implementation  Solutions to overcome barriers  Formulation of Scenarios  Presentation of Scenarios Demand Supply  Recommendations Ideas to achieve these Alternative Futures Identification & Evaluation of Alternative Futures Baseline Information What is the “future” as planned? How will this “future” incorporate water reuse, recharge, & use efficiency strategies?

How the Imported Water is Distributed Source: DWR State Water Plan Update 2005 Wholesaler Retailer

Presentation of Scenarios

Demand Driver: Single Family Houses Source: MWD RUWMP, 2005.

Supply Options - Reuse