Ordovician EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE
Silurian EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE
Plants in the Paleozoic EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Stromatolites Blue-green algae Abundant in Cambrian
Plants in the Paleozoic EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Green algae Receptaculids Chlorophytes Silurian to Devonian Unknown affinity “Sunflower coral” Not sunflower or coral
Plants in the Paleozoic EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Land Plants Cooksonia Silurian
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE
Extinction Processes Extinction strikes on the land and in the sea. On the land, while animals suffer repeatedly, plants tend to be highly resistant to mass extinctions. Preferential disappearance of tropical forms of life during mass extinctions. Tendency of certain groups of animals to experience them repeatedly (for example, trilobites and ammonoids). Alleged equal spacing, or periodicity in geological time (occurring about every 26 million years). Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Ordovician Mass Extinction Second most devastating in earth history Caused by glaciation and associated lowering of sea level
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Devonian Mass Extinction Caused by glaciation or meteorite impact
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Permian Mass Extinction 90-95% of marine species became extinct in the Permian Caused by formation of Pangea, glaciation, volcanic eruptions
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Triassic Mass Extinction 25% of all families became extinct at end of Triassic Caused by climate change (increase in rainfall)?
Mass Extinctions EARLY PALEOZOIC LIFE Cretaceous-Tertiary (K-T) Mass Extinction 85% of all species died in the K-T extinction Caused by meteorite impact and/or volcanic eruptions
The Age of Fishes Named for outcrops near Devonshire, England Named by Sedgewick and Murchison in 1839 prior to bitter arguments Includes the Old Red Sandstone of Scotland and Wales THE DEVONIAN
The Age of Fishes THE DEVONIAN
Kaskaskia Sequence Began in Devonian and continued to the end of the Mississippian Craton again flooded
THE DEVONIAN Kaskaskia Sequence Began with deposition of clean quartz sand Initial deposit of transgressing sea Oriskany Sandstone
THE DEVONIAN Kaskaskia Sequence Oriskany Sandstone Some heavy minerals Indicate source area Sandstone followed by Limestones Salts and gypsum Shales
THE DEVONIAN Acadian Orogeny
THE DEVONIAN Devonian Paleogeography
THE DEVONIAN Devonian Paleogeography
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Thick folded sequence of turbidites Intruded with rhyolites and granites Destroyed the marine depositional basin off eastern US coast
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Nonmarine clastics shed to west
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Changes from conglomerate to shale going east to west
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Catskill Clastic Wedge
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Catskill Clastic Wedge
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Catskill Clastic Wedge Nonmarine rocks – red color Braided or meandering streams
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Catskill Clastic Wedge
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Catskill Clastic Wedge First forests Gilboa, NY
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Gilboa, NY Fossils Winifred Goldring NY State Paleontologist First woman to hold title Aneurophyton (foliage) Eospermatopteris (tree)
THE DEVONIAN Impact of Avalonian Terrane Gilboa, NY Reconstruction of Forest
THE DEVONIAN Europe Old Red Sandstone Equivalent to Catskill Clastic Wedge
THE DEVONIAN Acadian shales Chattanooga Shale Few fossils, stagnant anoxic water High organic content, black, phytoplankton bloom
THE DEVONIAN Western US Williston Basin Reefs developed Salt and gypsum Extensive oil reserves
THE DEVONIAN Western US Antler Orogeny Late Devonian to Pennsylvanian Began with subduction on west coast
THE DEVONIAN Western US Antler Orogeny Late Devonian to Pennsylvanian Convergence of volcanic island arc
THE DEVONIAN Western US Antler OrogenyConvergence of volcanic island arc
THE DEVONIAN Devonian Paleogeography