2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt REACTIVITY NAME THAT ANTIBODY COLDSGENETICS MNSs SYSTEM

Antigens and antibodies of the Kidd blood group system can be detected in this phase of testing.

AHG

When this antibody reacts with the target antigen, the reaction appears to be mixed-field, and the agglutinates appear to sparkle when examined microscopically.

Anti-Sd a

This tapeworm by-product can be used to neutralize anti-P 1.

Hydatid cyst fluid

Although the Sd a antigen is found in most body fluids, it will be found in the greatest concentration here.

Urine

This IgG antibody may bind complement, then dissociate from the RBC, leaving the complement behind. (i.e. It is a complement- dependant antibody.)

Anti-Jk a

This antibody accounts for two-thirds of all non-Rh immune antibodies.

Anti-K

This usually cold reacting antibody will sometimes react at 37C, causing hemolysis.

Anti-Le a or –Le b or anti-P 1

The antibodies in this system are notorious for causing delayed hemolytic transfusion reactions.

Kidd

DAILY DOUBLE This antibody rarely causes hemolytic transfusion reactions because it can be neutralized by antigens found in the plasma.

Lewis

Parasitic infections, early abortions, and PCH have all been associated with antibodies in this blood group.

P

Antibodies in these blood group systems generally react at room temperature and below.

Lewis Lu a Ii MN P 1 (LIMP)

This system’s antigens are not true red blood cell antigens, but are absorbed from the plasma.

Lewis

This antigen is found almost exclusively on red blood cells from cord blood.

i

When antigens and antibodies in this system react, the agglutinates are said to be fragile, and appear to look like clusters of grapes.

Lewis

This autoantibody reacts with all antibody screen and panel cells, and is commonly found in the serum of Group A 1 individuals.

Anti-H (or anti-IH)

This is the most common form of inheritance for blood group antigens.

Codominant

Inheritance of this gene results in the absence of Kidd antigens on the RBCs.

In(Jk) [or Jk if inherited homozygously]

This Duffy phenotype is found in 68% of the black population, but is NOT found in th e white population.

Fy (a-b-)

The genes that control expression of this blood group system are located on chromosome 1.

Duffy or Rh

If a patient has homozygous inheritance of Le, se, H and O genes, these antigens will be present in his saliva.

Le a only

Anti-M will sometimes react stronger with an RBC that has homozygous antigen expression rather than a cell with heterozygous antigen expression. This is the term that describes that characteristic.

Dosage

Because MN antigens are well developed at birth, in the past they have been useful in determining this.

Paternity

Patients undergoing renal dialysis may develop this antibody.

Anti-N

Typing a patient’s RBCs for this antigen may not be possible. By proving the RBCs are S-s-, one can establish the probability they are also negative for this antigen.

U

This antibody has examples that react best at a pH of 6.5.

Anti-M