1 Motor Vehicle Emission Control in Japan Better Air Quality Workshop 2002 （ 16th Dec 2002 ） Environmental Management Bureau, Ministry of the Environment Kotaro Kawamata

2 Presentation Overview 1. Air Quality Status 2. Framework of Emission Control 3. Current & Future Emission Standards 4. For Effective Emission Control (Test Cycle & OBD) 5. Future Task

Attainment rate of Air Quality Standards (Road side) （ NO 2 ） （ SPM ） （ Environmental Quality Standards) ・ SPM... Daily average is 0.10 mg/m 3 or less ・ NO 2 …Daily average is in a range from 0.04 to 0.06 ppm or below 1. Air Quality Status

Emissions by Source Category 1. Air Quality Status

5 Motor Vehicle Pollution Control Measures in Japan 1. Tightening Emission Standards 2. NOx-PM Law (ban old vehicles to be registered in Metropolitan areas) 3. Promoting Low Emission Vehicles (Hybrid, CNG, FCV, etc.) 2. Framework of Emission Control

Recommendation of the Central Environment Council Air Pollution Control Law （ Ministry of the Environment ） 《 Motor Vehicle Emission Control 》 Maximum permissible limits on the amount of exhaust gases from motor vehicles 《 Fuel Control 》 Maximum permissible limits on the automotive fuel quality Road Vehicle Act （ Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport ） Safety regulations for road vehicles Law on the Quality Control of Gasoline and Other Fuels （ Ministry of Economy, Trade Industry) Compulsory standards for gasoline and diesel fuel 2. Framework of Emission Control Framework of Emission and Fuel Control

History of Emission Standards （ Heavy Duty Diesel Vehicles) （ Nitrogen Oxides ） （ Particulate Matters ） 3. Current & Future Emission Standards

Comparison of Future Emission Standards on HD vehicles 3. Current & Future Emission Standards

Estimated Effect of Tightening Standards 3. Current & Future Emission Standards （ Particulate Matters ） （ Nitrogen Oxides ）

Emission Reduction Technology （ Diesel Vehicles ） 3. Current & Future Emission Standards

Structure of Filter NOx Catalyst Flow of exhaust gas Capped Rough Picture Exhaust gas NOx Catalyst Structure of Filter Exhaust gas Enlarged Picture NOx Catalyst Outlook of DPNRStructure of DPNR

Maximum sulfur contents in diesel fuel 500ppm (0.05wt%) 350ppm (0.035wt%) 50ppm (0.005wt%) ppm (0.001wt%) 2011 Voluntary Action 15ppm Voluntary Phase in JPN ： US ： EU ： 3. Current & Future Emission Standards

Exhaust Emission Test cycles （ Chassis base: GVW 3.5t ≦） ※ Repeat 4 times 10 ・ 15 Mode (Hot start) 11 Mode(Cold start) Time （ sec ） Speed （ km/h ） Current Future 4. For Effective Emission Control New Mode (Hot start [2008-], Cold start [2011-])

Exhaust Emission Test cycles （ Engine base: GVW 3.5t> ） Steady State: Diesel 13 Mode ⑪ 4.9 ⑫ 3.7 ⑩ 5.5 ⑧ 3.2 ⑨ 7.7 ⑦ 4.1 ⑥ 6.4 ③ 2.7 ⑤ 2.9 ⑬ 14.2 ② 3.7 ①④ % 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% 0%20%40%60%80%100% Idling Engine Speed Engine Load 4. For Effective Emission Control CurrentFuture Transformed engine by engine with computer programs Representative running mode of HD vehicles Transient: New Mode (2005-)

On Board Diagnostics (OBD) _ Vehicles GVW 3.5t or less …OBD Ⅱ requirement from 2008 _ Vehicle more than GVW 3.5t …Introduce after technologically available Fuel Control Valve Sensor of Temp and air intake ② Warning lump on EGR valve Ｏ 2 sensor Ｏ 2 sensor Tire Engine ECM Catalyst Fuel tank ① Detect malfunction and failures 4. For Effective Emission Control

16 Future Task _ Further tightening of emission standards - Motorcycles - Non-road vehicles - HD diesel vehicles _ Fuel quality (Sulfur contents, etc.) _ Evaporative emission _ Off-cycle control _ Ultra fine particles

17 For Better Air Quality in Japan... _ For more information... –MOE Homepage: