Syntax: The analysis of sentence structure

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
Tree Diagrams / Labelling Phrases
Advertisements

Chapter 4 Syntax Part IV.
The Structure of Sentences Asian 401
Sentence Construction and the Syntactical Tree forms Lecture 6 Feed back of mid-test.
Ambiguity & Transformations
Adverb or Preposition?.
Chapter 4 Syntax.
Syntax: The Sentence Patterns of Language
Analysing Syntax 1 Lesson 8B.
SYNTAX Introduction to Linguistics. BASIC IDEAS What is a sentence? A string of random words? If it is a sentence, does it have to be meaningful?
Morphology and Syntax Practice 1 Lesson 9A The top of the tree So the tree for any sentence (S) should start like this: This means that every sentence.
The study of how words combine to form grammatical sentences.
MORPHOLOGY - morphemes are the building blocks that make up words.
Syntax 2nd class Chapter 4.
5. Phrasal Units Self-study Worksheet.
Syntax: The Sentence Patterns of Language Deny A. Kwary Airlangga University.
Syntax Phrase and Clause in Present-Day English. The X’ phrase system Any X phrase in PDE consists of: – an optional specifier – X’ (X-bar) which is the.
Matakuliah: G0922/Introduction to Linguistics Tahun: 2008 Session 11 Syntax 2.
Introduction to Linguistics II Ling 2-121C, group b Lecture 3
Ambiguity and Transformations
LI 2013 NATHALIE F. MARTIN S YNTAX. Table of Content I. Grammatical vs. Ungrammatical Grammatical vs. Ungrammatical II. The Sentence The Sentence III.
Today  What is syntax?  Grammaticality  Ambiguity  Phrase structure Readings: 6.1 – 6.2.
Syntax The analysis of sentence structure
Syntax: The analysis of sentence structure
Syntax Nuha AlWadaani.
Noun (N) A noun is a person, place, thing, or idea. Nouns can be singular or plural. Late last year my cousin bought a Playstation 3. Portia White was.
Phrases and Sentences: Grammar
How are sentences are constructed?. The boys laughed. MorphemesWords Thethe Boyboys -s laughlaughed -ed.
LI 2013 NATHALIE F. MARTIN S YNTAX. Grammatical vs Ungrammatical.
The Analysis of Sentence Structure
Creativity of Language
Chapter 4 Syntax Part II.
Lecture Four Syntax.
Introduction to Linguistics
1.Syntax: the rules of sentence formation; the component of the mental grammar that represent speakers’ knowledge of the structure of phrase and sentence.
Worksheet 5 Phrasal Units.
Syntax.
Chapter 4: Syntax “I really do not know that anything has ever been more exciting than diagramming sentences.” -Gertrude Stein.
IV. SYNTAX. 1.1 What is syntax? Syntax is the study of how sentences are structured, or in other words, it tries to state what words can be combined with.
Chapter 4 Syntax. Objectives 1. To understand the definition of syntax 2. To study 2 ways of analyzing sentence structure 3. To learn about the syntactical.
Natural Language Processing Lecture 6 : Revision.
An overview.  The knowledge of sentences and their structure.  Syntactic rules include: ◦ The grammaticality of sentences ◦ Word order ◦ Hierarchical.
451 Chapter 5: Syntax Making it stick together… Covering Sections 1-3…
LINGUA INGLESE 1 modulo A/B Introduction to English Linguistics prof. Hugo Bowles Lesson 8 Syntax 1 1.
Syntax 1 st class on Syntax Chapter 4. Hierarchical Structure  Sentences have internal structure that makes them more than just a sequence of words.
Introduction to English Syntax
Today Phrase structure rules, trees Constituents Recursion Conjunction
LI 2013 NATHALIE F. MARTIN L EXICAL C ATEGORIES. CATEGORIES OF WORDS DISTINGUISHING CATEGORIES: INFLECTION DISTRIBUTION Syntactic/Lexical Categories Contemporary.
1 LIN 1310B Introduction to Linguistics Prof: Nikolay Slavkov TA: Qinghua Tang CLASS 12, Feb 13, 2007.
Creativity of Language
Linguistic Essentials
LI 2013 NATHALIE F. MARTIN L EXICAL C ATEGORIES. CATEGORIES OF WORDS DISTINGUISHING CATEGORIES: 1. MEANING 2. INFLECTION 3. DISTRIBUTION Syntactic Categories.
Review of basic concepts.  The knowledge of sentences and their structure.  Syntactic rules include: ◦ The grammaticality of sentences ◦ Word order.
Natural Language Processing
Making it stick together…
Syntax II “I really do not know that anything has ever been more exciting than diagramming sentences.” --Gertrude Stein.
◦ Process of describing the structure of phrases and sentences Chapter 8 - Phrases and sentences: grammar1.
Syntax 3rd class Chapter 4. Syntactic Categories 1. That glass suddenly broke. 2. A jogger ran toward the end of the lane. 3. These dead trees might block.
Prepositions. A word that shows a relationship between a noun and some other word in the sentence.
SYNTAX.
TYPES OF PHRASES REPRESENTING THE INTERNAL STRUCTURE OF PHRASES 12/5/2016.
Language and Cognition Colombo, June 2011 Day 2 Introduction to Linguistic Theory, Part 3.
1 LIN 1310B Introduction to Linguistics Prof: Nikolay Slavkov TA: Qinghua Tang CLASS 11, Feb 9, 2007.
Marking Homework 1. A very inexperienced journalist wrote the article about the accident. 2. The detective will give you a report about his investigation.
Syntax II. Specifiers Specifiers tell us more information about nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs and prepositions The, a, this, three, some, many etc.
Beginning Syntax Linda Thomas
BBI 3212 ENGLISH SYNTAX AND MORPHOLOGY
SYNTAX.
Diagramming Sentences Notes
Linguistic Essentials
Presentation transcript:

Syntax: The analysis of sentence structure Deny A. Kwary http://www.kwary.net Airlangga University

Grammatical or Ungrammatical: 1. The boy found the ball 2. The boy found quickly 3. The boy found in the house 4. The boy found the ball in the house 5. Disa slept the baby 6. Disa slept soundly Find: Transitive verb (with object) Sleep: Intransitive verb (no object)

Syntactic Categories (1) Lexical categories Noun (N) Verb (V) Adjective (A) Preposition (P) Adverb (Adv) Examples moisture, policy melt, remain good, intelligent to, near slowly, now

Syntactic Categories (2) Non-lexical categories Determiner (Det) Degree word (Deg) Qualifier (Qual) Auxiliary (Aux) Conjunction (Con) Examples the, this very, more always, perhaps will, can and, or

Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences. a. The glass suddenly broke. b. A jogger ran towards the end of the lane. c. The peaches never appear quite ripe. d. Gillian will play the trumpet and the drums in the orchestra. Det / N / Adv / V Det / N / V / P / Det / N / P / Det / N Det / N / Qual / V / Deg / A N / Aux / V / Det / N / Conj / Det / N / P / Det / N

Phrases NP : Noun Phrase The car, a clever student VP : Verb Phrase study hard, play the guitar PP : Prepositional Phrase in the class, above the earth AP : Adjective Phrase very tall, quite certain

Phrase Structure Rules NP  (Det) N (PP) PP  P NP The bus in the yard NP The bus (NP) Det N Det N PP The bus P NP Det N The bus in the yard

Phrase Structure Rules VP  V (NP) (PP) S  NP (Aux) VP took the money from the bank VP took the money (VP) V NP V NP PP Det N Det N P NP took the money Det N took the money from the bank

Draw the tree diagram. 1. repaired the telephone 2. the success of the program 3. a film about pollution 4. move towards the window 5. cast a spell on the broomstick

The main structure rules 1. S  NP (Aux) VP 2. NP  (Det) (AP) N (PP) 3. VP  V (NP) (PP) (Adv) 4. PP  P NP 5. AP  A (PP)

Example (1) The old tree swayed in the wind S Aux NP VP Det Adj N V PP past swayed in the wind

Example (2) The children put the toy in the box S NP VP Det N V NP PP

Draw the structure trees for the following sentences Question # 5 a - f page. 240

Tree Diagram to be continued next week Deny A. Kwary http://www.kwary.net Airlangga University