NEXT SLIDE © 2006 Prentice-Hall, Inc. 1 Technology In Action

Technology In Action Chapter 2 2 Computer – Its components Hardware components Input devices Output devices System unit Ergonomics NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 3 The Computer System Hardware components: –System unit –Peripheral devices Microphone Keyboard Mouse Printer System unit Speaker Monitor NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 4 Input devices Enable data and instructions to be entered into the computer Types of input devices: –Keyboard –Mouse / pointing device –Microphone –Scanner –Digital camera NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 5 Keyboards Popular keyboard layouts: –QWERTY –Dvorak NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 6 Enhanced Keyboard Standard alpha-numeric keys Specialty keys Function keys MultimediaInternet Numeric keypad Arrow keys Windows keys Toggle and other keys NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 7 Specialty Keyboards Laptops PDAs Wireless Ergonomic Laptop Ergonomic PDA NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 8 Mice Types of mice: –Standard PS/2 USB Cordless –Optical –Trackball Standard Wireless Optical Trackball NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 9 Pointing stick Touch screen Touchpad Joystick Stylus Other Pointing Devices Pointing stick Touch screen Touchpad Joy stickStylus NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 10 Inputting Sound Microphone –Speech-recognition –Videoconferencing NEXT SLIDE Microsoft Office Speech Recognition Tool

Technology In Action Chapter 2 11 Other Input Devices Scanners –Text –Images Digital cameras –Images –Video Flatbed Handheld Camera Web cam Camcorder NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 12 Output Devices Enable us to view or hear the processed data Types of output devices: –Monitors –Printers –Speakers NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 13 Monitors Cathode-ray tube (CRT) Liquid crystal display (LCD) –Passive-matrix –Active-matrix CRT LCD NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 14 CRT Monitors Uses picture tube technology Screen size – Diagonal measurement of the screen (15, 17, 19, 21) Resolution – Sharpness of the image determined by the number pixels that the screen can display (800 x 600, 1024 x 768, 1600 x 1200) Refresh rate – Speed at which the screen is refreshed (60Hz, 75Hz) NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 15 Liquid Crystal Display Liquid crystal sandwiched between two transparent layers form images Used for notebook computers, PDAs, cellular phones, and personal computers NEXT SLIDE Polarizer Color filter Color filter glass Glass polarizer Backlight Liquid Crystal

Technology In Action Chapter 2 16 CRT vs. LCD Monitors CRT MONITOR ADVANTAGES Images viewable from all angles (LCD monitors often have limited viewing angle) Resolution can be adjusted more completely Better color accuracy and clarity Less expensive than LCD monitors Better for gaming and watching DVDs due to quicker pixel response time and higher color accuracy LCD MONITOR ADVANTAGES Take up less space and weigh less than CRT monitors Cause less eyestrain than CRT monitors More environmentally friendly than CRT monitors Larger viewable area compared with similar sized CRT (17-inch viewable area on 17-inch monitor compared with 15-inch viewable area) NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 17 Dot-matrix Printers Inkjet Multifunction Laser Plotter Thermal printer NEXT SLIDE Impact printers –Dot-matrix Nonimpact printers –Inkjet –Laser –Multifunction Specialty printers –Plotters –Thermal printers

Technology In Action Chapter 2 18 Choosing a Printer Speed: –Pages per minute (ppm) –Inkjets print 2-6 ppm –Lasers print ppm Resolution: –Image clarity –Dots per inch (dpi) –300 dpi for general printing –1200 dpi for printing photos Color output: –Quality of color images –Inkjets use 4 or 6 color cartridges –Lasers use separate color toner cartridges Memory: –Inkjets need 4-8 MB –Lasers need 16 MB Cost: –Inkjets are inexpensive –Lasers are more expensive NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 19 Outputting Sound Inexpensive speakers Sophisticated sound system –Surround sound –Subwoofer NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 20 The System Unit Processes data into information The system unit components: –Front panel –Back –Power supply –Hard disk drive –Motherboard –Expansion cards NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 21 The Front Panel Power controls Drive bays Ports Drive bays Memory card reader Productivity ports Floppy drive Power button NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 22 The Back Ports for peripheral devices Types of ports: –Serial –Parallel –VGA –USB –Connectivity PS/2 Mouse Parallel Network Keyboard Serial VGA USB Speaker/ microphone NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 23 Inside the System Unit Essential electronic components used to process data Types of components: –Power supply –Motherboard –CPU –Hard disk drive –Memory (RAM/ROM) –Expansion cards NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 24 The Motherboard Click on the motherboard components for details NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 25 Memory Module Random access memory (RAM) Primary storage Stores instructions and data Temporary (volatile) storage Operates in nanoseconds

Technology In Action Chapter 2 26 Central Processing Unit (CPU) Referred to as the “brains” of the computer Controls all functions of the computer Processes all commands and instructions Can perform billions of tasks per second

Technology In Action Chapter 2 27 Expansion Cards Augment the computer’s basic functions Provide connections for peripheral devices Common types: –Sound –Modem –Video (VGA) –Network (NIC)

Technology In Action Chapter 2 28 Expansion Slots Provide connections for expansion cards Types include: –Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) –Peripheral Computer Interconnect (PCI) –Video Graphics Adapter (VGA)

Technology In Action Chapter 2 29 Hard Disk Drive Stores data and program instructions Permanent (nonvolatile) storage Storage capacities up to 250 GB Transfers data in milliseconds NEXT SLIDE

Technology In Action Chapter 2 30 Setting it all up: Ergonomics Ergonomics refers to minimizing injury or discomfort while using the computer Steps to follow: –Position monitor correctly –Use adjustable chair –Assume proper position while typing –Take breaks –Ensure adequate lighting NEXT SLIDE