Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling Robert F. Chen UMassBoston Environmental Coastal and Ocean Sciences (ECOS)

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Cycles of Matter.

Advertisements

Cycles in Nature ¨ Law of Conservation of Matter” Matter cannot be created nor destroyed in any chemical reaction. It can only be transformed from one.

ECDCICA - CYCLES MATTER MUST CYCLE.

.  In oceans  Air  Soil  And ALL LIVING THINGS:organic  Sugar, Coal and Diamond.

Prepared by Bugra Nil Kaptan Biology. Nitrogen Nitrogen is the 7th element on the periodic table. Nitrogen is a very important element since it is essential.

Cycles of Matter. Cycles of Matter: Why? Because we have a fixed amount of STUFF (matter) on this planet, and no new stuff is being added from the universe.

The Carbon Cycle.

2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt 2pt 3 pt 4 pt 5 pt 1 pt 2 pt 3 pt 4pt 5 pt 1pt Water Cycle Oxygen Cycle Carbon Cycle.

Lindeman 1942 External energy source PRIMARY PRODUCERS CONSUMERSDECOMPOSERS ABIOTIC ENVIRONMENT Figure 51.1.

THE CARBON AND NITROGEN CYCLES Cycles of Life. The Carbon Cycle Carbon is found in four major reserves on earth. Organisms: Inside the body tissues of.

ECOSYSTEM RECYCLING Material Cycles. As energy & matter move through ecosystem matter must be recycle and reused Types of Cycle 1. Carbon & Oxygen Cycles.

Biogeochemical Cycles WATER CYCLE Also called the Hydrologic Cycle Water is circulated through the global ecosystem. Fresh water evaporates and condenses.

Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Cycles of Matter Lesson Overview 3.4 Cycles of Matter.

Geochemical Cycles Science Biological Processes Involved 1.Photosynthesis –Plants convert CO 2 and H 2 O into O 2 and sugar 6CO 2 + 6H 2 O + energy.

Investigative Science PODs (p. 91) March 31-April 1 Define the following words. You may use a textbook. 1. What is the definition of respiration?

1) What are biogeochemical cycles and examples of them on Earth? 2) Why are they important? 3) How do you interpret models of biogeochemical cycles?

Biogeochemical Cycles. What is a cycle? Some are simple Some are complex.

Prepared by Suleyman Soyel Carbon and Nitrogen Cycle.

Biogeochemical Cycles. The movement of nutrients from the nonliving world into living organisms, and then back again.

Carbon Cycling Conservation of Mass Conservation of Mass Energy Flow and Transformation Energy Flow and Transformation Human Interactions Human Interactions.

Lesson Overview Lesson Overview Cycles of Matter Lesson Overview 3.4 Cycles of Matter.

Biogeochemical Cycles. What is a “biogeochemical cycle”?  BIO = “life”  GEO = “earth”  CHEMICAL = “elements – C, O, N, P, S a cycling of nutrients.

Carbon Cycling Conservation of Mass Energy Flow and Transformation

Biological Chemistry zoom 200 The Chemical basis of Life.

BIOCHEMICAL CYCLES. The movement of materials through the biotic (living) and abiotic (non-living) parts of an ecosystem BIOCHEMICAL CYCLES.

Cycles of Matter All organisms need 4 essential elements: Oxygen, hydrogen, carbon, nitrogen.

Nutrient Cycles.

CYCLES QUIZ REVIEW. What are carbonates? Carbonates are rocks made of calcium or magnesium and CARBON.

Science Standard 1a: Biogeochemical Cycles/ Nutrient Cycles Ch. 5 Sec. 2.

18.2 The Carbon and nitrogen cycle

Water, Carbon, Nitrogen Oxygen and Phosphorus

Study for Molecular Biology & Biotech Test EOG Unit 3, ?’s 6-10

Do Now Please hand in your outlines into the bin. Make sure your name is at the top. Then answer: Why is it important to living organisms that nutrients.

Unit D – Living Systems Chapter 1 The biosphere of Life

Cycles of Matter **Matter is recycled within and between ecosystems

Section 2, p Chapter 5.

Cycles in Nature Spring 2017.

2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems

2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems p.68-91

Why is NITROGEN Important?? Proteins and Amino Acids

The Carbon Cycle.

The Carbon Cycle.

Cycles Of Matter WATER CARBON NITROGEN End Show.

Biogeochemical Cycles: the exchange of matter through the biosphere

Biogeochemical Cycles: the exchange of matter through the biosphere

ST Mid-Year Overview.

Cycling of Matter in Ecosystems

Carbon Cycle Biological Significance: Carbon is the key component in all organic molecules. These are the essence of life! >Photosynthesis: 6CO2 + 6H2O.

2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems

Introduction to Nutrient Cycles

NOTES 9 – Chemical Reactions

Cycles of Matter.

Cycles in Nature Spring 2018.

Ecology Part 6 Carbon & Nitrogen Cycles

Why is NITROGEN Important?? Proteins and Amino Acids

CYCLING IN THE ECOSYSTEM

2.2 Nutrient Cycles in Ecosystems

Cycling of Matter Nutrient Cycles.

The Cycling of Materials

Matter is RECYCLED within or between ecosystems

Cycles in Earth Systems

Why is NITROGEN Important?? Proteins and Amino Acids

Biogeochemical cycles

THE CYCLES OF EARTH Carbon Cycle Nitrogen Cycle Water Cycle.

Notes: Biogeochemical Cycles Pg. 8-9

The Nonliving Environment

Presentation transcript:

Carbon and Nitrogen Cycling Robert F. Chen UMassBoston Environmental Coastal and Ocean Sciences (ECOS)

Carbon Fourth most abundant element in the universe Basis for life 4 bonds Forms complex molecules Gaseous form Buckminster Fullerene Megaphone Bastadin-5 Moronic Acid

Photosynthesis Where does the mass of a tree come from? CO 2 + H 2 O  CH 2 O + O 2

Global Productivity

Respiration Mitochondria, bacteria, fires, combustion engines O2 + CH2O  CO2 + H2O Fossil Fuels burned at 20,000 times natural rates of oxidation

CO2 Emissions

Atmospheric Measurements

“Missing Sink” of Atmospheric CO2 (in Gigatons Carbon—10 15 gmC) Fossil Fuel Burning=6.0+/- 0.5 Deforestation=0.9+/-0.7 Atmospheric Increase =3.2+/-0.1 Oceanic Uptake=2.0 +/-0.8 “Missing Sink”=1.7 +/1.2

Mass Balance Total mass is always conserved Each element is also conserved in a closed system Can you design a closed system that is sustainable indefinitely? Eco-sphere.com

Neponset River Estuary Urban: Largest salt marsh in Boston Small: ~6km long; ~100m wide <5m deep, 3m tidal range Oldest dam in the country Extensive salt marsh and mudflats

Granite Ave. Bridge Gulliver’s Creek

Minishuttle Instrumentation Minishuttle underway at ~4 kts

Cycles are linked CO2 + H2O  CH2O + O2

Biosphere 2 /virtualtour/beach.ht mhttp:// /virtualtour/beach.ht m 7 people, O2 began to drop Why?

Nitrogen Cycle

Needs Amino Acids  proteins Nucleic Acids Chlorophyll Carbon to Nitrogen ratio

Sources Nitrogen Fixing bacteria –Legumes –Clover –Cyanobacteria Lightning Haber Process (factory fertilizer production) Internal combustion engines (cars) Mankind has doubled N-inputs to coastal areas  eutorphication

Fall Colors Chlorophyll-N recalled Accessory pigments shown Huge loss of C, but not N

Lawn calculation If you add 1 pound of nitrogen fertilizer to your lawn, how many pounds of lawn clippings must you carry away? Water Carbon/Nitrogen ratio

Frameworks Elements and compounds Mixtures and pure substances (solutions) Conservation of Mass Energy and living things Changes of ecosystems over time/affect of mankind