Danish Krone Darcie Carr Catherine Patterson Joe Kennedy Jeffrey Allinson

Daneland???

Understanding the Krone Joined European Union in 1973  Since rejected single European currency twice Denmark’s Nationalbank responsible for monetary policy  Danish Krone pegged to the Euro Current DKK/USD exchange rate: 

Technical Analysis (30 Day) Market Momentum Moving Average Bollinger Band

Market Momentum – 30 days 1YEAR1YEAR 6MONTH6MONTH 3MONTH3MONTH 1MONTH1MONTH

Moving Average – 30 days

Bollinger Band – 30 days

Implications for U.S. Firm Open Long Position:  Stay open  Benefit from exchange rate  OR purchase put option Open Short Position:  Hedge call option or forward contract Currency Speculators:  Currency at a high  Short Sell Good strategy for VERY short term traders

Non-Parity Models Asset Choice Interest Rate Differential Model Balance of Payments Model

Asset Choice Model

Interest rates are dependent upon those of the Euro  Gradually rates have increased over the past year  increase desirability of investment within Denmark

Asset Choice Model

Implications for U.S. Firm **Danish interest rates mirror Euro interest rates** Asset Choice:  Higher Interest Rates (Euro Rates Increase) implies increase in demand  U.S. (4.75%) higher than Denmark  U.S. has better returns for business However, U.S. has higher implied corruption risk (CPI)

Balance of Payments Model

Balance of Payments (DKK Millions) DecemberJanuaryFebruary Trade Balance Current Account

Balance of Payments Over the last year a trade balance surplus along with a current account surplus have placed upward pressure on the currency Recent publications of cartoon jihad caused boycott of Danish products in Arab countries   However, clear rebound on both sides in recent months

Implications for U.S. Firm **Danish interest rates mirror Euro interest rates** Balance of Payments:  Krone will strengthen over next few months Recovery from Jihad Scandal  Better to take long position

Parity Models Relative Purchasing Power Parity Model International Fisher Effect

Relative PPP Inflation rates  *5 year average Current Spot rate: PPP= [( )^5 / ( )^5]= INFLATION ‘01‘02‘03‘04‘05 US *2.552 DKK *1.98

Relative PPP 2005 Calculation [(1+.018)5 / ( )5] =  Appreciation of 1.59%  Strengthening of currency

International Fisher Effect 5 yr bonds: U.S. Treasury Yield 4.91 (April 2006) Denmark Govt. bond = 3.59 (March 2006) * (1+3.59%)5 = (1+4.91%)5

Implications for U.S. Firm U.S. company with long position:  Keep open long position  benefit from long term Krone strengthening U.S. company with open short position:  Forward position to hedge against unfavorable movements Importers and Exporters (into Denmark):  Goods imported into Denmark will be cheaper for the Danish and therefore demanded  Goods exported out of Denmark will be more expensive for other countries

IMPORTANT Denmark’s currency movement and underlying monetary policy are heavily influenced by the ECB. Thus, for interest rate changes, inflationary expectations, and results of such changes, the ECB should be consulted concurrently with Denmark’s Nationalbank.

Questions?