Toward a truly personal computer Pattie Maes MIT Media Lab Firefly Network, Inc pattie@media.mit.edu
THE NEXT 50 YEARS OF COMPUTING ACM 97 THE NEXT 50 YEARS OF COMPUTING
ACM 97 THE NEXT 50 YEARS OF COMPUTING Copyright 1997 ACM, Association for Computing The files on this disk or server have been provided by ACM. Copyright and all rights therein are maintained by ACM. It is understood that all persons copying this information will adhere to the terms and constraints invoked by ACM’s copyright. These works may not be reposted without the explicit permission of ACM. Reuse and/or reposting for noncommercial classroom use is permitted. Questions regarding usage rights and permissions may be addressed to: permissions@acm.org
PATTIE MAES
50 years of ACM 50 years of AI Artificial Intelligence (AI): goal: build intelligent machines justification: understand intelligence practical applications
AI’s holy grail
Cog project (Brooks, MIT)
Cog project (Brooks, MIT)
Next 50 yrs: IA rather than AI? Intelligence Augmentation: human + machine = super intelligence
Next 50 yrs: IA rather than AI? Intelligence Augmentation: human + machine = super intelligence
History of prosthetics Overcoming physical limitations: glasses hearing aids cars bicycles voice synthesizers ...
Why do we need prosthetics for the mind? Overcoming cognitive limitations: lousy memory only dealing with one thing at a time probabilities, logic non-intuitive slow to process large amounts of information ...
Why do we need prosthetics for the mind? mismatch complexity of our lives & our cognitive abilities: too many things to keep track of information overload learn & remember more ...
People are good at: judgement understanding reasoning, problem solving creativity
Computers are good at: remembering lots of facts searching lots of information being in many places at once multi-tasking
Some examples of intelligence augmentation memory augmentation “extra eyes, ears” automation behavior patterns information filtering matchmakers transactions
Remembrance agent (MIT Media Lab)
Remembrance agent (MIT Media Lab)
Memory augmentation help remember people, places, names, actions, ... provide "just-in-time" information
Memory augmentation help remember people, places, names, actions, ... provide "just-in-time" information
Remembrance agent
Extra eyes, ears, ... monitors for bits as well as atoms: unusual price stocks has certain site changed? need more milk? is there fresh coffee? ...
Extra eyes, ears, ... monitors for bits as well as atoms: unusual price stocks has certain site changed? need more milk? is there fresh coffee? ...
Automation behavior patterns (Media Lab)
Automation behavior patterns (Media Lab)
Information Filtering personal INFO information FILTERED INFO user filter user interest profile
Information Filtering personal INFO information FILTERED INFO user filter user interest profile
Yenta (MIT Media Lab) agent (user profile)
Yenta (MIT Media Lab) agent (user profile)
Kasbah (MIT Media Lab)
Kasbah example selling agent Sell: Macintosh IIci Deadline: March 10th,1997 Start price: $900.00 Min. price: $700.00 Strategy: tough bargainer Location: local Level of Autonomy: check before transaction Reporting Method: event driven
Kasbah example selling agent Sell: Macintosh IIci Deadline: March 10th,1997 Start price: $900.00 Min. price: $700.00 Strategy: tough bargainer Location: local Level of Autonomy: check before transaction Reporting Method: event driven
Putting it all together Example scenarios: monitoring agents & remembrance agents shopping agents & matchmaking agents eager assistants & filtering agents ...
Hardware: “wearable computers”
Hardware: “things that think” embedded sensors processors communications
Software: “Agents” Software that is: personalized proactive autonomous, long-lived adaptive
Software: “Digital Ecologies” collections of people & machines: perform tasks in radically distributed way very adaptive collaboration, competition, natural selection & evolution
“The network is the computer”TM small efforts by many, rather than large efforts by few result in increased: efficiency adaptivity robustness
Design challenges TRUST between human and computer: understanding control privacy
Design challenges TRUST between human and computer: understanding control privacy