Monitoring MDGs in the small urban centres of Lake Victoria Presented at the Workshop to Develop a Capacity Building Framework for LVWATSAN 16 th -18 th October 2006 UN Complex, Nairobi By Iole Issaias UN-HABITAT

Overview 1.Monitoring framework for LVWATSAN 2.Methodology for monitoring MDGs –Remote sensing and and Geographic Information System (GIS) –Urban Inequities Survey: Community profiling and Household Survey 3.Next steps 4.Capacity building needs for national and local monitoring?

1. Monitoring framework Objective: to monitor coverage and quality of service provision for MDG target group “Target 10: To halve the number of people without access to safe drinking water and basic sanitation by 2015… …Target 11: Achieve significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers by Global monitoring of target 10 undertaken by the JMP (a joint collaboration between WHO/UNICEF). Global Monitoring of target 11 undertaken by UN- HABITAT.

1.Establish a baseline; 2.Mapping the poor; 3.Assist stakeholders in identifying needs in terms of water, sanitation, solid waste management and drainage; 4.Ensuring investments reach the poor; 5.Monitor and assess sustainability of investments; 6.Monitor and track coverage of service provision;and 7.Advocacy and long term strategic planning tool for policy makers; ►Specifically, highlighting issues related to service provision in URBAN areas. The value of a monitoring framework?

2. Methodology UIS Monitoring Protocol GIS National – Statistic offices Local – Utility & local authority Global – Inform JMP & Monitoring MDGs - Remote sensing - Urban Planning - Water Utility Management - UrbanInfo

Remote sensing and GIS Development of Geographic information system (GIS) was contracted awarded to the Regional Centre for Mapping Resources for Development (RCMRD) in March 2006 to develop GIS databases for all LVWATSAN towns. GIS development strategy:- –Step one: procurement of satellite images (Quickbird 0.60m accuracy). –Step two: digitization of images and development of GIS databases through field verification and additional maps (cadastral, town planning, utility plans/networks etc..) –Step three: demarcation of enumeration areas –Step four: digitize community profile results –Step five: Carry out capacity needs assessment for O&M of GIS database and develop strategy for CB.

Step one: satellite images

Converting images to EA system COMMON REGIONAL GRIDS – Scale 1:50,000 & 100,000 (EA Series) TANZANIA UGANDA KENYA (EA Series base map)

Step two: Sources of data Processed QB-IMAGES TOPO MAPS CADAS TRAL Plans and Admin BND maps EAs maps CADASTRAL Plans and Admin BND maps

Sample GIS map - Migori

Sample of a GIS map layout Homa Bay

Development of GIS database – MDG checklist

Step three: demarcation of EA

Community profile

Urban Inequities Survey Consists of 5 questionnaires:- 1.Community/Cluster Profile – Enumeration Area level 2.Household questionnaire – Household level 3.Women’s questionnaire – administered to every women in hh 4.Childs questionnaire - administered to every child in hh 5.Homeless questionnaire (NEW) Main partners are the three National Statistics Offices in Kenya, Uganda and Tanzania. Towns to be surveyed:- Tool developed by UN-HABITAT to monitor slums in human settlements.

Implementation Schedule for UIS Time frame 9 months –Training 2 weeks (translation TZ) –Community profile and listing, 5 days per town (one month including travel) –Pre-testing of household questionnaire –Household survey, 25 days per town (5 months including travel) –Data entry and analysis, one month, running parallel to household survey –Report writing 2 weeks

Community Profile - Enumeration Areas

Cntd … SF1 SCh WP SW

Main household Survey Water Module Source of drinking water Distance to water source Time to water source Quantity of water – at least 20 litres pppd Treatment of water Sanitation module Type of sanitation facility Number of household sharing facility Location of facility from dwelling Hand washing facility Disposal of children’s faeces Sample size 1,500 households Uses the same questions posed by MICS, DHS and WHS Modules on:- Household listing Education Internal Migration Economic Activity (employment formal & informal) Water Sanitation Solid Waste Management Social capital (groups, trust, collective action, communication, crime etc…) Household Economy (income and expenditure)

Additional questions on:- Water Volume and payment of water (piped and non-piped), Separation of vendors (tank, cart, bicycle), Separation of time (time taken to collect water and time taken in queue), Questions on water for drinking, bathing, cooking washing seperated Reliability of water, perception of water quality, Treatment of water. Sanitation Cost Sanitation Technology separated between on-site and off-site Emptying of latrines Safety of sanitation system = Disaggregated data for children and women Solid Waste module ►Aim to measure USAGE i.e. affordability, convenience, safety, perceptions etc ….

3. Next steps 1.Digitization of household data. National Statistics offices or RCMRD? 2.Periodic monitoring of water and sanitation coverage (MDG target 10 an 11). 3.Disseminate information at Global, National and Local Level = communication strategy. 4.Transfer information and GIS to local authorities. Taylor make systems for urban planning, solid waste O&M and revenue collection. 5.Transfer GIS to water utilities and regulators. Requires build-up the GIS database to map water utility networks, use in WDM etc… 6.Creating a “mother” GIS database for each country.

4. Capacity buildings needs? Training and creating capacity within water utilities to carry out utility mapping, operate GIS system for O&M (WDM, leakage and planning); Convert GIS into a simple, easy to use and affordable system for billing and revenue in water utilities and local authorities; Developing a methodology and capacity within a national institution to maintain “mother system”; and Assisting institutions to use the information. Advocacy and awareness raising.

Thank you for your attention!