Ch3. CP AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS Course on Cleaner Production Middle East Technical University Department of Environmental Engineering Ankara 31 March 2008

introduce environmental management systems (EMS) and its ISO standardized form introduce environmental management systems (EMS) and its ISO standardized form explain the additional step in communication transparency represented by the EMAS in the European Union, aimed at guaranteeing the environmental performance of enterprises explain the additional step in communication transparency represented by the EMAS in the European Union, aimed at guaranteeing the environmental performance of enterprises outline the contribution of CP to EMSs and the relation with the best available technologies (BAT) outline the contribution of CP to EMSs and the relation with the best available technologies (BAT) check some of the other environmental tools that are associated to CP and are acceptable in the EMS. check some of the other environmental tools that are associated to CP and are acceptable in the EMS.Objective

systematic and structured planned way of managing the environmental aspects of an enterprise systematic and structured planned way of managing the environmental aspects of an enterprise ISO Standard ISO Standard Environmental Management Systems (EMS)

1) Environmental policy 2) Planning 3) Implementation and operation 4) Verification and corrective action 5) Management reviews Implementation stages of ISO 14000

Implementation of ISO Many Mediterranean countries have combined CP promotion with the divulgation of an EMS Many Mediterranean countries have combined CP promotion with the divulgation of an EMS Many industries adopt the implementation of ISO to obtain the recognition of the expressed environmental commitment Many industries adopt the implementation of ISO to obtain the recognition of the expressed environmental commitment ISO is a management system standard Certification and not a standard to guarantee environmental quality ISO is a management system standard Certification and not a standard to guarantee environmental quality Implementation in the Mediterranean area

Its goal is to provide a general framework by which to organize the necessary tasks for an efficient environmental management Its goal is to provide a general framework by which to organize the necessary tasks for an efficient environmental management nor does it distinguish between if it has been achieved through prevention or by way of end-of-pipe treatments nor does it distinguish between if it has been achieved through prevention or by way of end-of-pipe treatments Implementation of ISO Implementation in the Mediterranean area

associated with a wish to progressively obtain the ecolabels to validate the environmental quality of products associated with a wish to progressively obtain the ecolabels to validate the environmental quality of products ISO for life cycle analysis, should be considered as one of the most suitable tools ISO for life cycle analysis, should be considered as one of the most suitable tools Implementation in the Mediterranean area Implementation of ISO 14000

The European EMAS voluntary participation voluntary participation an initial environmental audit is required (that is voluntary in the case of ISO14001) an initial environmental audit is required (that is voluntary in the case of ISO14001) an “environmental declaration” must be published an “environmental declaration” must be published and a verification process passed (certification in the case of ISO 14001) by a credit firm and a verification process passed (certification in the case of ISO 14001) by a credit firm Ecomanagement and audit scheme

Performance of an environmental analysis and Improvement Performance of an environmental analysis and Improvement Compliance with the environmental legislation Compliance with the environmental legislation Information to the public The environmental declaration constitutes a tool for communication and dialogue with the public or other parties Information to the public The environmental declaration constitutes a tool for communication and dialogue with the public or other parties Participation of workers Participation of workers The European EMAS Ecomanagement and audit scheme

Environmental analysis Is the preliminary analysis of activities, products and services, to identify the environmental aspects as a basis to establish the environmental management system of the organization Environmental policy Is the key tool for public communication of the environmental priorities and intentions of the company, and it must be stated in writing and adopted at top management level Environmental management system Planning  Identifying and evaluating aspects  Identifying legal requirements  Fixing goals and targets  Establishing environmental management programmes Implementation and Operation  Organization and personnel (structure and liabilities)  Training, awareness and professional competence  Communication  EMS documentation  Control of documentation  Operational control  Emergency plans and answer capacity Checking and corrective action  Monitoring and measurement  Non-conformity, corrective action and preventive action  EMS Audit Revision by the management  Redefinition of targets  Modification of policy if required  Modification of documentation Environmental declaration Is a document that constitutes an instrument for communication and dialogue with the public and other parties interested in the environmental performance of the organization and its continuous improvement

Dynamics of EMS The Deming wheel

CP and EMS perception that new systems will interfere with their primary production activity perception that new systems will interfere with their primary production activity most environmental improvements are achieved by simply applying Good Environmental Practice most environmental improvements are achieved by simply applying Good Environmental Practice best available techniques (BAT) best available techniques (BAT) CP and EMS must be integrated in general management

Environmental Audit includes a systematic, documented, timely and objective assessment to check that the organization, the management and the environmental equipment is in good operating condition includes a systematic, documented, timely and objective assessment to check that the organization, the management and the environmental equipment is in good operating condition International Chamber of Commerce ICC International Chamber of Commerce ICC

Main elements of environmental audit 1. Total support from the management 2. Objectivity of the audit team, being independent 3. Professional competence, qualified and experienced 4. Well defined and systematic procedures 5. Well documented process and clearly written reports 6. Assurance of the quality of the audit 7. Follow up of the facts identified through the implementation of appropriate measures

Other environmental tools Industrial Metabolism and Ecology Industrial Metabolism and Ecology Ecodesign Ecodesign The MET matrix The MET matrix Strategic circle of ecodesign Strategic circle of ecodesign Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ISO Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) ISO FACTOR 4, 10 FACTOR 4, 10

Ecodesign includes improvements in: product concept and function product concept and function choosing materials with a lower impact choosing materials with a lower impact planning to reduce the impact of the production process planning to reduce the impact of the production process planning to minimize the impact of distribution of: packaging and transports planning to minimize the impact of distribution of: packaging and transports optimize product use optimize product use minimizing management at the end of product life time. minimizing management at the end of product life time.Ecodesign

1. Choice of low impact materials 2. Reduction of materials used 3. Optimization of production techniques Alternative techniques 4. Optimal distribution system 5. Reduction of impact during use 6. Optimization of initial life 7.Optimization of system end of cycle 0. Development of a new concept

Case Study: Introduction to design based on SME life cycle

Introduction to design based on SME life cycle Four mixed level indicators 1. Green design 2. Green production 3. Recycling 4. Environmental management Case Study