private sphere / public sphere Arena in which conversations and decisions about proper conduct, discipline and pubishment take place at the domestic of familial level Arena in which conversations and decisions about proper conduct, discipline and punishment take place at the national level

Multiculturalism: The claim, made in the context of liberal democracies, that minority cultures or ways of life are not sufficiently protected by the practice of ensuring the individual rights of their members, and as a consequence should be accorded special group rights or privileges Includes:  rights and privileges: “cultural claims”  legal protection: “cultural defense” Okin “Is Multiculturalism Bad for Women?”

Dewey “Dear Dr. Kothari...”: Sexuality, Violence against Women, and the Parallel Public sphere in India Public sphere: An intermediate structure between the political system.... and the private sectors of the life-world that functions to familiarize the state with the needs of its citizens. Part of modern, democratic societies governed by a nation- state Enabled through the rise of mass media—first newspapers and novels, and then more modern forms Is a producer of consensus

Parallel public sphere Operates in tandem with the public sphere Is as much a consequence of oppression as an agent of it A venue for the socially sanctioned dialogue that takes place between society and individuals who are part of relatively disempowered groups, including women Provides a sense of group membership Helps to determine where lines are drawn between private and public