1 Challenges facing Islamic Banking and Finance Education : A Programme for Action Brian Kettell Islamic Banking Training

Challenges for the Industry 1. What are the Training Needs ? 2.What are the Training Objectives ? 3. What are the Instructional Principles ? 4.What should the Course Content be ? 5.How should the Content be delivered ? 6.How should the outcomes be Evaluated ? 7.What makes a good Trainer ?

Training Development Process

1. Determining Training Needs

The Purpose of Training Why is training needed? Provide new skills? Provide new information/knowledge? Address a problem? Improve job performance? The purpose determines the approach

Be Clear on Benefits Who will benefit? Why will they benefit? How will they benefit? When will they benefit?

Whose Needs? Organizational needs ROI, learning strategy, library goals Learner needs feeling of competence, solving immediate problems, making life easier Task needs just enough to get the job done, use the new system, etc. - no fluff

Define the problem DESIRED PERFORMANCE (Optimal) - ACTUAL PERFORMANCE (Actual) =POSSIBLE TRAINING NEED Describe Discrepancy P. 31

What are the Training Needs of the Islamic Finance industry ?

2. What are the objectives of the training ?

Objectives (SMART) Specific state desired results in detail Measurable (observable) use verbs that describe what trainees will learn Action describe an action that the trainee will perform Realistic achievable Time frame how long will it take the trainees to learn the skill?

ACTION! CriticiseSelect ChooseAssess EvaluateAnalyze DecideAdjust ConstructMeasure SolveRecord DemonstrateDevelop DesignProve PrepareCompute DefineIdentify RelateName DifferentiateExplain ListDescribe CompareCite Objectives always start with an action verb!

Competency Analysis What are competencies? Enduring characteristics of a person that result in superior on-the-job performance Areas of personal capability that enable employees to successfully perform their jobs by achieving outcomes or successfully performing tasks

What is a competency model? Identifies the competencies necessary for each job as well as the knowledge, skills, behavior, and personality characteristics underlying each competency.

What are the Training competences and objectives for the Islamic finance industry ? ?

Designing Instruction Methods

Instructional Objectives Why are they important? A basis for planning the training A roadmap for the learner A basis for evaluating effectiveness of the training Will objectives ever change during the delivery of training?

Objectives drive Content Objectives …….. Objectives …….. Section 1 …….. Section 1 …….. Section 2 …….. Section 2 …….. Section 3 …….. Section 3 …….. Section 4 …….. Section 4 ……..

What are the instructional objectives for designing Islamic finance courses? ?

4. Develop Course Content

Outlining Top-down approach Outline in Word or PowerPoint Objective Topics Main points Final content

What should be the content of Islamic Banking and Finance courses ? ?

Delivering Content *

DELIVERING CUSTOMISED TRAINING SUCCESSFULLY “Tell me and I forget, teach me and I remember, involve me and I learn” - Benjamin Franklin

Read Hear Words Watch still picture Watch moving picture Watch demonstration Do a site visit Do a dramatic presentation Simulate a real experience Do the real thing Visual Kinesthetic (Experiential) Verbal 10% of what they read 20% of what they hear 30% of what they see 50% of what they hear and see 70% of what they say or write 90% of what they say as they do a thing “Cone of Experience” People generally remember: Adapted from Wiman & Meirhenry,.Educational Media, 1960 on Edgar Dale

If training is the answer…. Formal training Self study Technology based Job related/workplace approaches P. 40

Exercises and Activities Get learners to do something whenever possible… Hands-on Written or oral exercise Small and whole group interactions Role-playing, simulations What should the type of activity be determined by?

What training activities are available? Low learner involvement High content and variety of perspectives Panel Discussion May be dominated by a few participants Good focus and high involvement Case Study Passive and not stimulating Good for high content if presenter is good Lecture May be dominated by a few participants Good practice for participants and involvement Role Play Does not involve everyone Opportunity to provide feedback Demonstration ConsPros Activity

Available Training Activities (continued) May be dominated by a few participants` Highly energizing and high participation Large Group Discussion Little participant interaction Good focus and pre-designed Video or Film May be dominated by a few participants Highly participatory and task oriented Small Group Tasks Mechanisms must be in place to ensure learning happens Allow for sensory perception if well structured Field Trips Not very stimulating Provide high content Reading ConsPros Activities

How should the content of Islamic and banking courses be delivered? ?

6. Evaluate effects of training

Evaluations Evaluate based on objectives Did the participants: learn what you had planned? implement what they learned? improve their job performance ?

After the Class Learner evaluations How did they feel about the class? Evaluate your delivery How could you improve it? Evaluate your materials design How could they be improved?

How should Islamic Banking and Finance courses be evaluated ? ?

7. What skills are needed for a good Trainer

Purpose of Training is to Produce Change In… Skills how to steps Knowledge critical thinking decision making Attitudes ethics/values behaviour

Skills Required to be a Trainer Subject matter expertise Design instructional design apply learning principles Material production graphics, layout, media creation computer experience Presentation voice, personality, technical expertise

Personal Qualities to Look For in a Trainer Self-confidence Awareness of environment Ability to build bridges—relate old to new Organisational skills Desire to learn Ability to listen Sense of humour Communication & theatrical skills Flexibility Patience Cool head & warm heart

It’s Ok to Have Fun! Humour Games Crosswords Icebreakers introductions questions Music

“If you think training is expensive,try ignorance.”

Thank you for listening