Copyright Ernsperger Applied Behavior Analysis Module Three
Copyright Ernsperger Applied Behavior Analysis Applied means that we focus on socially significant behavior referring to skills and behaviors that will improve the student’s life Behaviors that are chosen must be measurable, precise and reliable Analysis means that we are incorporating data collection to drive our decision making process
Copyright Ernsperger Historical Nature of ABA B.F. Skinner (1938) –Operant Behaviors –Behaviors are influenced by the stimuli that follows the behavior –We only repeat behaviors that work for us and we avoid behaviors that have a high cost to us
Copyright Ernsperger ABA ABA is a scientific method that provides empirical data for decision making Based on observable behaviors –Reading, writing, walking, sitting, eating.. Seek causal relationships Objective not subjective –“He does it all the time” Conservative in their outcomes –No false hopes
Copyright Ernsperger “ABA is effective by definition, which means that is if a behavior is not changing for the better, ABA is not being done correctly.” Cooper, Heron, and Heward, (1987)
Copyright Ernsperger ABA ABA is a broad field of study; like the field of medicine –ABA incorporates many areas ABA has changed and evolved over time –ABA has improved its methods for children ABA includes a variety of specific behavioral methods which include: –Prompting, shaping, chaining, and discrete trial instruction
Copyright Ernsperger ABA and ASD Dr. O. Ivar Lovaas –Research original research 1987-UCLA Young Autism Project 11 out of 19 studied were placed in LRE 8 out of 19 were placed in the general education program with no supports- “indistinguishable from their peers” All Students had increased IQ scores
Copyright Ernsperger WHY APPLIED BEHAVIOR ANALYSIS? National Academy of Sciences –Educating Children with Autism Scientific Research Based –Over 500 research articles –Lovaas-The UCLA Young Autism Project –May Institute Study –Princeton Child Development Institute –Douglass Developmental Disabilities Center Judicial System –# of Court Cases in Support
Copyright Ernsperger Why ABA? (cont.) Autism Spectrum Disorders: Interventions and Treatments (Simpson, 2005) Corwin Press Pub. ABA and DTI were found to be “Scientifically Based Practice” Includes research and references New York State Department of Health Autism Internet Modules –Free modules National Professional Development Center –24 evidence based practice National Autism Center –National Standards Project
Copyright Ernsperger ABA/ Operant Conditioning
Copyright Ernsperger COMMON BEHAVIORS
Copyright Ernsperger Web Exploration Cambridge Center for Behavioral Studies –Read their article on ABA Autism Speaks –Read their article on ABA –Review videos Lovaas Center –Review the website –Lovaas approach
Copyright Ernsperger Discussion Posting Based on what you have read this week and the narrated Powerpoint presentation, write in your own words a cohesive statement explaining the field of ABA. Thoroughly read the web exploration websites. Be sure to include one summary statement from each of the websites and cite the web site. For example: “According to Autism Speaks” This is your chance to demonstrate your knowledge base of ABA so that you can better explain it to colleagues and parents. This posting will be graded utilizing the SPC College of Education Writing Rubric. There are 5 Levels of Performance that will be considered in order to achieve a “superior” grade.