Ballast Water Management

Ballast Water Management Reasons for managing Ballast Water “To prevent the translocation of aquatic species across bio-geographical boundaries » The problem is not new: Some National Authorities are already requesting BWM for ships entering their ports (USA, Canada, Brazil, EU, Australia, Chile) The IMO have been discussing this issue and worked toward a Convention for more than 10 years

Ballast Water Management References Ballast Water Management Convention Ballast Water Management Guidelines (14 sets) BWM.2/Circ.7 - Interim Survey Guidelines BV NI 538 Information Note on Ballast Water Management Systems (To be published)

Ballast Water Management References Guidelines (1)

Ballast Water Management References Guidelines (2)

Ballast Water Management Global Vessel traffic densities by vessel types for year 2000

Ballast Water Management Entering into force of the Convention The BWM Convention has not yet entered into force. Ratification by 30 States representing 35% of the world merchant shipping tonnage is needed As from July 2008, 15 States representing 3.55% of the world merchant fleet have ratified the BWM Convention - Barbados - St Kitts & Nevis - Egypt - Seychelles - Kenya - Sierra Leone - Kiribati - South Africa - Maldives - Spain - Mexico - Syria - Nigeria - Tuvalu - Norway

Ballast Water Management Definitions Ballast Water : water with its suspended matter taken on board a ship to control trim, list, draught, stability or stresses of the ship. Ballast Water Management : mechanical, physical, chemical and biological processes – either singularly or in combination – to remove, render harmless, or avoid the uptake or discharge of harmful aquatic organisms and pathogens within ballast water and sediments. Sediments : matter settled out of Ballast Water within a ship. Ballast Water Capacity : the total volumetric capacity of any tanks, spaces or compartments on a ship used for carrying, loading or discharging Ballast Water

Ballast Water Management The requirements The Convention applies to all ships designed or constructed to carry ballast water when engaged in international voyages; including submersibles, floating craft, floating platforms, FSUs and FPSOs Ships of 400 GT and above are subject to surveys and certification All ships subject to the Convention will be required to: Carry out ballast water and sediment management on all voyages Have on board an approved ballast water management plan and a ballast water record book

Ballast Water Management Schedule for implementation Implementation dates as modified by the 25th Assembly A ship constructed in or after 2009 with a Ballast Water Capacity of less than 5,000 m3 will not be required to comply with regulation D-2 until its second annual survey, but no later than 31 December 2011. (Res A 1005(25))

Ballast Water Management BWM Options

Ballast Water Management D-1 Standard Ballast Water Exchange Goal: volumetric exchange of ballast water up to 95% of the Ballast Water Capacity. Do not require any modification to the ship’s existing equipment Methods: Flow through method: pumping to overflow Dilution method: ballasts filled through the top allowing discharge from the bottom Sequential: each ballast is emptied and refilled

Ballast Water Management D-1 Standard Ballast Water Exchange Disadvantages: Its implementation gives rise to a number of practical problems The operation is laborious The sequence may endanger the strength of the structure. Needs favourable sea and swell conditions,… Safety of the ship is paramount

Ballast Water Management Water Ballast exchange – Safety issues

Ballast Water Management D-2 Standard Ballast Water Performance Discharge water shall contain: Less than 10 viable organisms / m3 that are greater than or equal to 50 µm in minimum dimension; and Less than 10 viable organisms / ml that are less than 50 µm in minimum dimension that are greater than or equal to 10 µm in minimum dimension; and Discharge of the indicator microbes must not exceed the specified concentrations. Method: Use of ballast treatment systems

Ballast Water Management Example of Ballast Treatment Systems Physical solid-liquid separation Surface filtration Cyclonic Separation Floculation/Coagulation Desinfection Ozone sterilisation Chlorination Ultraviolet Thermal devices Add Biocides And any combination of the above

Ballast Water Management Approval requirements for Ballast Treatment Systems Ballast Water Treatment (BWT) systems shall be granted a Type Approval Certificate delivered by national Administrations.

Ballast Water Management IMO GESAMP-BWWG BWMS making use of Active Substances shall be granted a specific approval by IMO Marine Environment Protection Committee. The procedure described in the IMO guidelines (G9) is a two-step approach: Basic Approval that may be granted on the sole basis of lab scale data. Final Approval that may be granted provided that full-scale experiments The GESAMP-BWWG* evaluates the application according to (G9) and reports its conclusions and recommendations to IMO-MEPC. *Group of Experts on Scientific Aspects of Marine Environmental Protection”

Ballast Water Management Some basic approval already granted by the GESAMP

Ballast Water Management Final approval already granted by the GESAMP Final approval + Type Approved

Ballast Water Management Survey process

Ballast Water Management Survey – Periodicity Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 +/- 3 months Initial Survey Annual Survey Annual Intermediate Survey Renewal Survey ▲

Ballast Water Management Survey – Main points Plan approval examining the design and construction (regulation B-5) examining the ballast water management plan (Ref to BV ND/DT1/352/AJT) (Nota 1) approving the ballast water management plan when delegated by the Flag Administration examination of plans for the installation of ballast water management systems (regulation D-3) if applicable, examination of plans for the installation of prototype ballast water treatment technologies (regulation D-4)

Ballast Water Management Survey – Nota 1 Ballast Water Management Plan Details safety procedures for the ship and the crew Describes of the actions to be taken to implement the Ballast Water Management requirements Details the procedures for the disposal of Sediments Contains procedures for coordinating shipboard Ballast Water Management with the authorities Designates the officer in charge Contains the reporting requirements Approved by or on behalf of the Administration Written in the working language of the ship Available in English

Ballast Water Management Survey – Main points Initial survey - Documentation confirming that the Ballast Water Management Plan has been provided confirming that the Ballast Water Record Book has been provided Where a Ballast Water Management System is provided: BWM System Approved (Type Approval Certificate) Operations and technical manual for the BWM System provided specific to the ship and approved by the Administration Equipment manuals for major components provided Installation specifications provided Installation commissioning procedures provided Initial calibration procedures provided

Ballast Water Management Survey – Main points to be checked Initial survey BWMS in conformity with the Type Approval Certificate BWMS installation carried out in accordance with the technical installation specification BWMS installation carried out in accordance with the manufacturer’s equipment specification BWMS installation carried out in accordance with approved drawings Sampling facilities provided Control and Monitoring Equipment operates correctly Sufficient active substances are provided on board (when applicable) Confirming the satisfactory installation and operation of the BWMS, including any audible or visual alarms

Ballast Water Management Survey – Main points to be checked Periodical survey - Documentation Check that a valid IBWM Certificate is on board Check that the ballast water management procedure is carried out as outlined in the Ballast Water Management Plan (BWMP) Check that BWM Plan is approved by/on behalf of the Administration Check that the details of any ballast water operations carried out are recorded in the Ballast Water Record Book (Nota 2) The Ballast Water Record Book must be an approved format

Ballast Water Management Survey – Nota 2 Ballast Water record book Each operation shall be fully recorded Each entry shall be signed by the officer in charge Entries are made in a working language of the ship (English translation required)

Ballast Water Management Survey – Main points to be checked Periodical survey Where a Ballast Water Management System is provided: Examining externally the ballast water treatment system and confirming, as far as practicable its satisfactory operation Confirming that, if applicable, active substances in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations are provided on board Confirming that, if applicable, dosage instruction for active substance or preparations are available on board Examining the ballast water management system for obvious defects, deterioration or damage including examining associated pumps, piping and fittings for wear and corrosion

Ballast Water Management Survey – Main points to be checked Renewal survey Where a Ballast Water Management System is provided: Confirming, by simulated test or equivalent, the satisfactory operation of the ballast water management systems Confirming that an analysis of discharge sample taken less than six months before the expiry date of the certificate, has been completed Verifying that the results of the analysis show compliance with the performance standard of regulation D-2 If applicable, confirming, if necessary by simulated test or equivalent, the satisfactory operation of the ballast water management systems

Ballast Water Management Survey – Main points to be checked Renewal survey Sediment deposits in a ship’s double bottom mainly in the hopper side tank section where the water column is deepest and thus accumulation greatest. Sediment collects on the bottom and bilge shell outboard of bottom internals and particularly if drainage is poor, Once allowed to accumulate it congeals and stratifies.

Ballast Water Management Survey – detainable deficiencies Absence of a IBWM Certificate; Absence of a BW Management Plan; Absence of a BW Record Book; The vessel or its equipment does not correspond with the particulars of the IBWM Certificate; The designated personnel are not familiar with essential shipboard procedures To ballast water management procedures have been implemented on board.

Ballast Water Management