Managing Risk with the IPDE Process Chapter 5 Managing Risk with the IPDE Process

This chapter discusses how learning the and using the IPDE Process helps new drivers become responsible, low-risk drivers. Key idea

Risk Factors What is a risk factor? Types of Risk Factors Anything that can increase the possibility of a collision. Types of Risk Factors Driver Contributed Name 5 others that would fall under this category. Vehicle Contributed Roadway/Environment Contributed Activity – 2 volunteers and 9 pieces of paper needed. Pick 3 driver contributed risk factors, 3 vehicle contributed risk factors, and 3 road/environmental contributed risk factors and write one on each piece of paper. Select one volunteer as “first driver” and toss a risk factor to them, if they catch it they “don’t crash.” Then take the second driver and throw all nine risk factors at the same time, they need to catch all 9 to “avoid crashing.” Point is to get them to understand that the more risk factors to deal with the harder the driving task becomes. Ask what factors can be eliminated (Driver and vehicular for the most part). Eliminating those will make driving easier because there will less problems to deal with while driving. Risk Factors

Zone Control System & the IPDE Process There are 6 zones around the car What is an Open Zone? What is a Closed Zone? Use your Line-of-Sight to identify open and closed zones so you can predict if you will need to make changes to your Path-of-Travel. Zone – One of 6 areas around your car Open Zone – Space where you can drive without restrictions Closed Zone – Space not open to you because of a restriction in your line of sight or your intended path of travel. Line of Sight – The distance you can see ahead in the direction you are looking. Path of Travel – the space your vehicle will occupy as your vehicle is directed towards the target area. Zone Control System & the IPDE Process

The IPDE process is an organized method of seeing, thinking and responding to a driving situation. 4 step process: Identify Predict Decide Execute IPDE Process Video The IPDE Process

To identify we use an orderly visual search pattern to find the following information: Open an closed zones Specific clues Other users Roadway features/conditions Traffic controls Line-of-sight restrictions Identify

Use knowledge, good judgment, and prior experiences to predict: Actions of other users? How our speed will effect us? How our direction will effect us? Will we have good control if we need to change speed or direction? Are you thinking about what might be behind the curve? Predict

Decide We have 4 basic choices to decide about to avoid a collision: Change/maintain direction Car filming swerves to avoid collisions Change/maintain speed Watch car passing on the right Communicate with other drivers Pedestrian crossing hard to see with glare Combine the above actions Ambulance brakes and swerves to avoid pedestrian crossing street Keep sound muted for videos 2 and 3?? 1st video an example of changing direction to avoid a collision. 2nd video and example of changing speed to avoid collision. (Russian video – Russian voices) 3rd video an example of communicating to other drivers to avoid a collision. (Russian video – poor sound quality – Russian voice) 4th video an example of combining actions to avoid a collision. Decide

Execute This means to simply carry out the decision you made Change direction = steering or changing lane position Change speed = braking/accelerating Communicating with others = signaling, hand signals/gestures, or honking Combining actions = doing two or more of the above together Execute

Smith System (Note: not in textbook) An organized method to help drivers develop good viewing habits. Aim high in steering Look 12-15 seconds ahead of your path-of-travel; keep your eyes up avoid watching the front of your car. Keep your eyes moving Scan left and right and out and in in an orderly visual search pattern for hazards. Get the big picture Check mirrors and blind-spots regularly to identify what is going on around you Make sure others see you Position yourself to be seen; use signals and horn when necessary to communicate to others Leave yourself an out Always have space around your car to move to in case of an emergency; avoid trapping yourself with no where to go. Smith System (Note: not in textbook)

Maintaining a Safe Path of Travel Minimize a hazard Separate hazards Compromise space/hazards Maintaining a Safe Path of Travel

For Your Quiz Students should be able to: List and explain the 4 parts of the IPDE Process Be able to list the 6 items under Identify, the 4 items under Predict, the 4 items under Decide, and the 1 item under Execute. List and explain the 5 parts of the Smith System Not in textbook; only in notes!!! List the 3 actions to help maintain a safe path of travel For Your Quiz