1: To discourage aggression 2: To encourage cooperation in business and trade 3: To encourage disarmament 4: To improve living and working conditions The League had little success with this issue in the 1920s and the disarmament conference planned for 1926 actually took 6 YEARS to take place (in 1932)! Do you think it will be successful? Can you explain why using your existing knowledge (REFER TO THE DEPRESSION)

L/O: To decide who was to blame for the failure of disarmament using information and sources DISARMAMENT : To get rid or reduce the amount of weapons. ARMS: weapons (guns, tanks, ships, planes etc) (e.g. The police disarmed a thief in the street.) Remember: How was Germany’s arms reduced by the Treaty of Versailles?

 Increased pressure on the League to deal with issue of disarmament  Germany (a member of the League since 1926) felt they should be treated more fairly and so everyone should disarm like they had been made to in 1919 or they should be allowed to rearm!  The Manchuria crisis had shown the need to disarm aggressive nations like Japan.

When: February- July 1932 What: Agreed to: - prevent the bombing of civilians - prevent use of chemical warfare - limit the use of artillery - limit the size of tanks But: - No plans of how to achieve these goals! - Refusal of countries to get rid of planes capable of killing civilians - Refusal to stop making chemical weapons! - No one would agree to disarm like Germany OR allow Germany to rearm! NO EQUALITY!

July 1932: Germans walked out of conference September 1932 : British sent Germany a note saying they wanted equality with arms (weapons) but Germany thinks it is condescending! December 1932: Agreement reached to treat Germany equally in matter of arms May 1933: Hitler promised not to rearm if in 5 years all other countries promise to disarm February 1933: Hitler became Chancellor of Germany and began to rearm (secretly!) January 1933: Germany says it is returning to League June 1933: Britain produces disarmament plan October 1933: Hitler left the conference and the League October December 1934: All started to build up their arms! BAD TIMESGOOD TIMES EEEK!

In your books EXPLAIN in which ways the following were to blame for the failure of the conference: (use your textbooks pages to help) a) Germany b) The League (with Britain and France as main leaders) c) Both Extra? How do you think the depression made disarmament less likely to happen? Look back in your books and explain!

1) Look at the source below and answer the questions around it to help you annotate 2) Who does David Lowe blame for the failure of the disarmament? How are the other countries at the conference shown? (what animals?) What countries do you think they are portraying? Why did he choose this animal? (strong or weak) Why does he call them ‘common people’? 2) What animals are used to portray the main powers at the disarmament Conference? Which main powers do you think it is portraying? What is Lowe (the artist) trying to say about the leaders?) Who are the aggressive people at the conference? Why do you think Lowe is saying this? Who is saying this? Who is the he blaming for the failure of the Conference? Does Lowe agree that the ‘common people’ are to blame?

 Some say it would never have worked after the depression forced all countries to protect themselves rather than help international problems.  Some say it was because the Treaty of Versailles was unfair on Germany from the start so no agreement could be reached.  Once Hitler was in power from February 1933, (and promising to reverse the Treaty) he was always going to rearm! What do you think? Vote!

Exam style questions: 1) Use the source from the lesson to answer:  What is the message of the source? (8 marks) (what event? When? Who is in the source? What is he saying about it? How does he feel?) 2) Explain why the Disarmament Conference had failed by (6 marks) (2/3 well explained reasons!)