Important considerations & contributions of flourishing shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh Khairul Hassan Doctoral student Maritime Engineering, Kyushu University, Japan

Overview Introduction History of shipbuilding in Bangladesh Shipyards & shipbuilding Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh and initial essential steps Technology used in Shipyard Essential steps in Ship design and ship operation Contributions of the shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh Conclusion

Introduction  Demand of shipping transportation increasing  Creating pressure on shipbuilding industries  Most of the shipyards are busy for production  Report on 2008  most of the shipyards are unable to make new contract by  About one third of the overall cost for labour  This industries are looking for cheap labour region  For expanding their activities  Bangladesh is the most suitable place

History of Shipbuilding in Bangladesh  Between 15th and 17th century Bangladesh  the centre for the building of ocean-going vessels in Asia  In the early 19th century the shipyards in Chittagong  built many commercial ships up to 1,000 tons  But this industry did not expand properly due to  lack of infrastructures and equipments facilities,  lack of skill workers and  improper governmental activities and dedication.

Shipyard & shipbuilding  Main Objectives of the shipyard  Economical & qualitative productions  Ensure the safe working environment  Environment friendly activities of the shipyard  Main purposes of the ship building  Transfer goods, materials, animals etc  Safely, economically and timely  Environment friendly ship operation  Considerations to meet the purpose of shipbuilding  Proper ship design & construction  Proper ship operation

Initial steps for establishing shipyards  In shipyard activities  Handling the most heavy materials & scraps  Welding,cutting, assembly and erection of large blocks  Important Factors  Shipyard location & layout  Well trained workers for design and manufacturing  Most important factor > strong govt. support and dedication.  Huge opportunities:  Good Geographical position  Good communication facilities  Many inland shipping routes  Low labor cost  Multi cultural country  Friendly working environment

Initial steps for establishing shipyards  Shipyard profitability initially depends on  Good location is important (waterway & road tans.)  supplying raw materials to shipyard  delivery the ship  Well developed shipyard layout  Proper placing of the departments is very important  For reducing the production time  For reducing labour costs.  Efficient management systems  Present production 2-3ships per year  Increase about 20-30ships per year

Systematic Shipyard Layout (Flow of materials)

Present Condition of Shipyard Layout (Flow of materials)  Still now there is no well developed systematic production line

Safety in a Shipyard  Most of the risky works  Manual welding  Manual plate (steel) cutting  Manual transferring  plates & scraps

Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh  Present condition  Building 100m length (Small medium size)  Most works doing  Manually & risky # Each shipyard per year  Major & minor accidents  About  Where as in abroad  About 2-5accidents

 Even though huge prospers  But not explore properly  Lack of consciousness & knowledge  Lack of technology Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh

 That can reduce the quantity of the production. Shipbuilding industries in Bangladesh  Assembling & storing the blocks getting any empty space.

 During hull preparation for painting the wash water including  the removing marine growth on hull and old paint  high levels of heavy metals Contaminants with the nearby waters.  Paint stripping and painting activities are significant sources of pollution  Solvent-based paints including volatile organic compounds(VOCs), anti-fouling regulated hazardous 14  During repairing of old ships  Wastages, sewage, oily things  Coating of the hull, ballast and bilge water pollute marine environment Environmental factors of Shipyard activities

Ship building  Ship design  Need highly skill employ (Naval Architect)  Ship construction  Need Skill and medium skill employs  Medium or non skill people are available in BD  Ship operation  Need Skill and medium skill employs  Medium or non skill people are available in BD

 For high speed ship wave resistance is very important  By design optimization - required skill person.  About 8% fuel consumption and emissions can be reduced.  For low speed ship frictional resistance is very important  Smoothing hull - required regular maintenance.  About 3-4% fuel consumption and emissions reduced. Which method is best in Bangladesh?

 In Bangladesh for power reduction  frictional resistance reduction most applicable method.  In Bangladesh difficulties :  Reluctant to grow up consciousnesses.  Lack of consciousness  lack of knowledge Which method is best in Bangladesh?  Speed limit of Inland vessels in Bangladesh 6-12knots. # Use available ship design in BD  Saving the fuel consumption about 30%  Reduced the accident about 60% # Regular hull maintenance in BD  Reduced the fuel consumption about 2-3%  Emissions into air about 2-3% #Increased consciousness in BD Reduced the accident about 20%

Ship accidents in Bangladesh  Most of the accident happened in Bangladesh  For capsizing the vessels due to lack Stability  The ship main hull required to be water tight  But most of the inland vessels don’t have such hull  Unskilled persons operate vessels  Stability analysis

Benefits of proper available design & hull maintenance # Use available ship design in BD  Reduced fuel consumption & emissions about 40%  Reduced the accident about 50% in operation # Regular hull maintenance reduced  The fuel consumption about 4%  Emissions into air about 4%  Almost reduced the unexpected accidents #Increased consciousness  Reduced the accident about 40% in operation  Reduced the air and water pollution about 60%

Economical support # Rumor →m ost of the old developed countries  Shipping and ship buildings >behind of development #At the present situation most shipyards are busy *Bangladesh has a opportunity to get the new orders # Good starting and well developed infrastructures >Give permanent expansion in BD  Explore the new opportunity, new job market  About 0.5 million peoples  Directly involve with shipping and shipbuilding  Also indirectly

Conclusion  Huge opportunities to expand ship building industries :  Good Geographical position & Low labor cost  Temporary expansion can be sustainable by >well trained people >Well developed infrastructures and production  The ship building industries can meet:  Our own requirements including inland vessels  Growing consciousness & proper steps(design, maintenance) >Almost accident can be prevent >Saving about 50% fuel consumption of inland vessels