South America Study Guide Review
Pizarro Spanish explorer who landed on the western coast of S.A. and conquered the Inca with horses, guns, 200 soldiers
Simon Bolivar General who freed the northern parts of South America starting with a revolution in Venezuela
Jose San Martin General who defeated the Spanish in the southern part of South America
European countries colonizing South America Spain, Portugal
Inca’s demise Inca’s civil war had weakened them, then defeated by Pizarro
Products sent from the colonies to Spain and Portugal sugar, silver, gold
Causes of Native American deaths European disease and overwork
Reasons South Americans wanted independence wanted to share in the political power and economic power; mestizos and mulattos wanted to be treated better
Models for independence revolutions American and French revolutions
OAS and its goals Organization of American States Goals: economic cooperation, social justice, equality of people
Changes in South American population over time immigrants from Spain and Portugal changed the population most people are mestizos (European and native) and mulattos (African and European) After 1800s accompanied by other immigrants from other European nations
Transportation Corridors Definition: a path that makes transportation easier Example: Amazon River
Transportation Barriers Definition: a geographical feature that slows or prevents transportation Example: Rain forest, desert, Andes
Natural resources exported minerals, copper, tin, gold, iron ore, lead, petroleum,
Farm exports beef, grain, sugar, bananas, coffee, wool
Brazil’s industrial products cars, computers, televisions, planes
Free trade zone people and goods move across borders without being taxed
Economic indicators statistics that show how a country’s economy is doing – literacy rate, life expectancy
Urbanization Definition: many people have moved from the countryside to the city Factors: growth of manufacturing jobs in the cities, poverty in rural areas, jobs, schools, health services available in cities