09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt1 Most Familiar Plants Spermatophytes = Seed Plants.

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Presentation transcript:

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt1 Most Familiar Plants Spermatophytes = Seed Plants

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt2 SEED-BEARING PLANTS (Spermatophytes): Four Phyla of Kingdom Plantae  Phylum Angiospermae= flowering plants  Phylum Coniferophyta= conifers  Phylum Ginkgophyta= ginkgos  Phylum Cycadophyta= cycads

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt3 Seeds Advantages Contains multicellular embryo, ready to grow. Contains food supply to nourish germinating young plant. Seed coat resistant to drying, heat, freezing, acids, etc. seeds can remain dormant until conditions favorable

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt4 Seeds Disadvantage Large, expensive to produce energy, matter Seed plant can only make 100’s per season (Spore-dispersed plants can make millions of spores.)

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt5 Phylum Angiospermae Flowering Plants

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt6 Phylum Angiospermae, Flowering Plants Flower sporophylls: sepals, petals, stamens, carpel Anther on stamen produces microspores (meiosis)  male gametophytes = pollen grains Ovule in ovary in carpel produces megaspore(s)  female gametophyte = "embryo sac" in ovule

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt7 Phylum Angiospermae, Flowering Plants Double fertilization Zygote + endosperm tissue of embryo. Text Figure Female gametophyte completely enclosed in ovary Phylum “Angiospermae” = covered seed

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt8 Phylum Angiospermae, Flowering Plants Fruit developed from ovary. Embryo completely enclosed in fruit; Seed coat develops from ovule (mother sporophyte)

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt9 Reasons for Success of Flowering Plants

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt10 Reasons for Success of Flowering Plants ? Vascular tissue (xylem, phloem), as in other vascular plants. ? Seeds, as in other seed plants. ? Flowers Ovary: safe enclosure for embryo Petals (& sepals) attract pollinators also nectar & odors But, many are wind pollinated

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt11 Reasons for Success of Flowering Plants Fruits, adaptations for seed dispersal Dehiscence (pods, follicles, capsules, etc.) Dry and burst scattering seeds.

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt12 Reasons for Success of Flowering Plants Fruits, adaptations for seed dispersal Sweet, fleshy fruits (pome, drupe, berry, aggregate) Animal dispersal (mammals, birds, reptiles, some fish) Nuts Planted by squirrels, etc.

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt13 Reasons for Success of Flowering Plants Fruits, adaptations for seed dispersal Wind and Water dispersal Achenes with parachutes, samaras Cling to fur, feathers Hooks, barbs, glue

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt14 Phylum Angiospermae Class Eudicots abbreviation of Eudicotyledonae

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt15 Phylum Angiospermae Class Monocots abbreviation of Monocotyledonae

09 Sept. 2014Seed-plants.ppt16 Orders of Eudicots Orders of Monocots /classification.htm