Closing Remarks on Turbo-charging P M V Subbarao Professor Mechanical Engineering Department New Ideas with Turbo-charging….

Turbine Sizing The selection of the turbine size is a bit simpler than the sizing of the compressor. Important to note that the turbine size effects boost threshold, turbo lag and fuel consumption. Boost threshold is the engine speed at which there is sufficient exhaust gas flow to generate positive (intake) manifold pressure, or boost. This is the time between the demand for an increase in power and the turbocharger(s) providing increased intake pressure, and hence increased power. The selection is basically just a balancing act. There are no complicated maps or processes used to select the turbine size.

Large Turbine Larger turbines, conversely, allow much more airflow through the compressor and reduce back pressure. Demands less enthalpy exhaust in manifold. Leads to higher boost thresholds and larger turbo lag.

Small Turbine Smaller turbines will provide lower boost thresholds and better turbo response. Able to create limited airflow through the compressor. Demands higher enthalpy exhaust in manifold. Leads to lower turbine exit pressure.

Selection of Turbine Exducer bore Lower Limit Higher Limit

Geometrical Design of Casing for Turbine

Steps in Geometrical Design

Geometric Parameter : Casing for Turbine The A/R ratio of the turbine is the ratio of the housing discharge area to the radius of the center of the discharge area to the center of the turbine blades

Guide for selecting a turbine A/R ratio Lower Boost Threshold High Power Engine

Performance Studies on Turbocharged Engine

The Breathing Effectiveness

Engine Power Rating

Engine Compactness

Engine Fuel Economy

Strange Thinking/Understanding for Future Turbocharged modes were found to match or exceed the capabilities of typical larger bore normally aspirated engines found in passenger vehicles. Case studies showed that A normally aspirated engine could be readily matched with the smaller turbocharged unit, with a 66% reduction in engine capacity. It is possible to achieve 22% reduction in fuel consumption and CO 2 emissions, including a reduction of 62% at idle conditions.

Advanced Turbo-charging Systems Higher volumetric efficiency is achieved through increased IVC. Go back to Era of Otto or Diesel. Compression ratio has a great impact on fuel consumption of an engine. Generally, the bigger the compression ratio is, the lower the fuel consumption can be reached. Knock limit constrains the compression ratio increase of SI engines. It is known to all that any effort resulting in intake air temperature decreasing will extend the knock limit. Attainment of higher volumetric efficiency with lower T ivc is the theme of advanced turbo-charging methods.

Scheme of the turbo-cooling system

T-s & p-v Diagrams for ATCS

Effect of Turbo-cooling

Cold Air for Higher CR Base Engine ATC: Boost pressure before HX ATC: Exit of Air Turbine