Catalyst #4: December 8th, 2014 You received a slip at the door. On your Catalyst paper, identify each of the three solutions on the slip. (Hint: Look at the solute concentration outside of the cell. Ask yourself: Is that number higher or lower than inside of the cell?)

Agenda Catalyst (7 minutes) Tracking (8 minutes) Osmosis “Eggsperiment” Part 2: 10 minutes Osmosis Partner Relay: Remainder Homework: Osmosis quiz tomorrow Begin studying for Semester 1 exam

Mastery slips available after school today Announcements Office hours tomorrow Mastery slips available after school today

Unit 4.2: Guiding Questions How does a cell make sure it has enough water and nutrients? What happens to the cell in different environments? How do cells take in the nutrients they need and release the substances they do not?

Eggsperiment Part 2 1. Get back in groups/Retrieve eggs. 2. CAREFULLY remove eggs from solution. 3. One person will come use scales. Record your egg’s new mass. 4. Class data collection

Partner Relay With a partner, complete the CLASS COPY on your own sheets of paper.

December 9th, 2014 We will be taking our Osmosis quiz. You need a sheet of paper and writing utensil.

Agenda Quiz (10 minutes) Passive vs. Active Transport Notes and Demonstration (15 minutes) CFUs (5 minutes) Passive vs. Active Transport Foldable( 14 minutes) Exit Ticket (Remaining) Homework: Begin studying for Semester 1 exam Unit 4 Mastery Packets

Announcements Office hours today after school Unit 4 mastery packets due December 15th (NEXT MONDAY)

Today’s SPI & Objectives SPI 3210.1.8 Compare and contrast active and passive transport. SWBAT compare and contrast passive and active transport in terms of molecule movement and energy usage SWBAT distinguish between the two forms of passive transport

Passive vs. Active Transport

Review Questions What part of the cell controls what enters and leaves the cell? Cell/plasma membrane What macromolecule is the cell membrane made up of? Lipids What two words are used to describe the cell membrane? (S and P) Selectively (semi) permeable

Why is this important? The cell must be able to bring in nutrients that it needs and remove substances that it does not need Brings in glucose and oxygen for energy Brings in or takes out sodium and potassium ions for fluid balance Removes CO2 and water to prevent cell damage or death

Types of Cellular Transport There are two main types of cellular transport that bring molecules into and out of the cell Passive Transport Active Transport

Concentration Review: Concentration is the relative amount of substance in a given area Where is there a higher concentration of molecules in the picture?

Passive Transport Key Point 1: In passive transport: Molecules move from high concentration to low concentration This is called moving with or down the concentration gradient Energy is not used

Additional Notes: Concentration Gradient Concentration gradient = uneven distribution of a substance across a border Example: Balloon has higher concentration inside; when you untie a balloon, air rushes out to reach dynamic equilibrium Moving from high to low concentration with or down CG Forced from low to high concentration against CG (Rolling a bolder up a hill)

Passive Transport There are two specific forms of passive transport Diffusion Facilitated diffusion

Diffusion Key Point 2: Diffusion is passive transport that does not require transport proteins to help move the molecules into or out of the cell High  low concentration No energy Examples: Water and oxygen moving into the cel Through the phospholipid bilyaer

Diffusion Demonstration Pay attention to how the molecules move Raise your hand when you can smell the scent Were energy or anything else used to move the molecules?

Facilitated Diffusion Key Point 3: Facilitated diffusion is passive transport that does require transport proteins (channels or carriers) in the cell membraneto help move the molecules “Facilitate” means “to help” High  low concentration No energy used Examples: Glucose and amino acids moving into the cell

Active Transport Key Point 4: In active transport: Molecules move from low concentration to high concentration This is called moving against/up the concentration gradient Energy must be used

Active Transport Active transport uses transport proteins known as pumps to move the molecules across the cell membrane Example: Sodium-Potassium ATPase Pump

Additional notes: Example Sodium-ATP pump Requires ATP to move sodium and potassium from areas from low concentration to high concentration Uses channel/transport/embedded proteins to move through phospholipid bilayer Must use ATP to change shape to get the molecules through http://highered.mheducation.com/sites/0072943696/student_view0/chapter3/animation__how_the_sodium_potassium_pump_works.html

CFUs Answer each of the next 6 questions on the blanks at the bottom of your notes Do not call out answers! I will RANDOMLY call on someone to answer each one.

CFU 1 What type of transport moves molecules from low to high concentration? Answer: Active transport

CFU 2 What type of cellular transport does not require energy? Answer: Passive transport

CFU 3 In what direction do molecules move during passive transport? Into the cell From high to low concentration From low to high concentration Against the concentration gradient Answer: B. From high to low concentration

CFU 4 Nerve cells need to take in sodium (Na+) ions. When do the sodium ions enter using active transport? When they are negatively charged When they are too big to move through the transport proteins When they are moving against the concentration gradient When they are moving with the concentration gradient Answer: C. When they are moving against the concentration gradient

CFU 5 Some molecules are brought into the cell with the help of transport proteins, but no energy is used. Is this an example of diffusion or facilitated diffusion? Answer: Facilitated diffusion

CFU 6 Draw an arrow showing the direction the molecules would move during active transport? Answer: 

Passive and Active Transport: Foldable Allows cells to bring in nutrients Two types: Diffusion/Facilitated diffusion With the concentration gradient Low  High Concentration Requires NO energy High  Low concentration Requires energy (ATP) Against the concentration gradient Uses transport protein pumps Type of cellular transport Fold a piece of construction paper hot dog style. Cut two flaps. Label one side “Passive Transport”; the other “Active Transport” You may place “Both” either in the center of your two flaps or on the back Place the bullet points in the correct place

Exit Ticket Answer the 3 questions below without your notes. What type of cellular transport moves molecules against the concentration gradient? What type of cellular transport does not require energy? Amino acids move into the cell from high concentration to low concentration. Transport proteins help to move them. Is this passive or active AND if passive, is it diffusion or facilitated diffusion?