ECE 331 – Digital System Design Logic Circuit Design (Lecture #7)
ECE Digital System Design2 Design Concepts Combinational Logic Circuits Outputs are functions of (present) inputs No memory Can be described using Boolean expressions Hierarchical design Used to solve large design problems Break problem into smaller (sub-)problems Solve each sub-problem (i.e. realize design) Combine individual solutions
ECE Digital System Design3 Design Concepts Specification Describes the problem to be solved. Describes what needs to be done, not how to do it. Implementation Describes how the problem is solved.
ECE Digital System Design4 Design Concepts Issues Most solutions are not unique. More than one solution may meet the specifications. Cannot always satisfy all of the requirements. Must identify (and study) design tradeoffs. Cost Speed Power consumption etc.
ECE Digital System Design5 Design Process 1. Identify requirements (i.e. circuit specifications) 2. Determine the inputs and outputs. 3. Derive the Truth Table 4. Determine simplified Boolean expression(s) 5. Implement solution 6. Verify solution
ECE Digital System Design6 Exercise: Design a combinational logic circuit to meet the following specifications: 1. 3-bit input (A = a 2 a 1 a 0 ) 2. 1-bit output (z) 3. Output is high (logic 1) when 2 < A <= 5.
ECE Digital System Design7 Example: Design a 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design8 1. Circuit Specification The 7-Segment Decoder must decode Binary Coded Decimal (BCD) digits so that they can be displayed on a 7-Segment Display. 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design9 2. Determine Inputs and Outputs Input: Binary Coded Decimal digits 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design10 Binary Coded Decimal Assign a 4-bit code to each decimal digit. A 4-bit code can represent 16 values. There are only 10 digits in the decimal number system. Unassigned codes are not used. How do we interpret these unused codes? Hint: think about K-maps.
ECE Digital System Design11 BCD Digits Decimal DigitBCD Code
ECE Digital System Design12 2. Determine Inputs and Outputs Output: 7-Segment Display 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design13 7-Segment Display
ECE Digital System Design14 7-Segment Display
ECE Digital System Design15 3. Derive Truth Table 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design16 7-Segment Decoder wxyzABCDEFG# dd- 1011dd- 1100dd- 1101dd- 1110dd- 1111dd-
ECE Digital System Design17 4. Determine simplified Boolean expression(s) 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design18 7-Segment Decoder y z w x dddd 11dd A A = ?
ECE Digital System Design19 7-Segment Decoder y z w x dddd 11dd B B = ?
ECE Digital System Design20 Student Exercise: Determine the minimized Boolean expression for each of the segments of the 7-Segment Display. 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design21 5. Implement Solution 6. Verify Solution 7-Segment Decoder
ECE Digital System Design22 Multiple-Output Logic Circuits
ECE Digital System Design23 Example: Given two functions, F 1 and F 2, of the same input variables x 1.. x 4, design the minimum-cost implementation. Multiple-Output Logic Circuits
ECE Digital System Design24 x 1 x 2 x 3 x (a) Function 1 f 1 x 1 x 2 x 3 x (b) Function f 2 F1 = X1'.X3 + X1.X3' + X2.X3'.X4 F1 = X1'.X3 + X1.X3' + X2.X3.X4 Multiple-Output Logic Circuits
ECE Digital System Design25 f 1 f 2 x 2 x 3 x 4 x 1 x 3 x 1 x 3 x 2 x 3 x 4 (c) Combined circuit for f 1 f 2 and Multiple-Output Logic Circuits
ECE Digital System Design26 Example: Given two functions, F 3 and F 4, of the same input variables x 1.. x 4, design the minimum-cost implementation for the combined circuit. Note: the minimum-cost implementation for the combined circuit may not be the same as the minimum-cost implementations for the individual circuits. Multiple-Output Logic Circuits
ECE Digital System Design27 x 1 x 2 x 3 x (a) Optimal realization of(b) Optimal realization of 1 f 3 f x 1 x 2 x 3 x F3 = X1'.X4 + X2.X4 + X1'.X2.X3F3 = X2'.X4 + X1.X4 + X1'.X2.X3.X4' Logic Gates required: 2 2-input AND 1 3-input AND 1 3-input OR Logic Gates required: 2 2-input AND 1 4-input AND 1 3-input OR Total Gates and Inputs required: 8 Logic Gates 21 Inputs Multiple-Output Logic Circuits
ECE Digital System Design28 (c) Optimal realization of f 3 x 1 x 2 x 3 x x 1 x 2 x 3 x andtogether f 4 F3 = X1'.X4 + X1.X2.X4 + X1'.X2.X3.X4'F3 = X2'.X4 + X1.X2.X4 + X1'.X2.X3.X4' Logic Gates required: 1 2-input AND 1 3-input AND 1 4-input AND 1 3-input OR Logic Gates required: 1 2-input AND 1 3-input AND 1 4-input AND 1 3-input OR Total Gates and Inputs required: 6 Logic Gates 17 Inputs shared logic gates Multiple-Output Logic Circuits
ECE Digital System Design29 f 3 f 4 x 1 x 4 x 3 x 4 x 1 x 1 x 2 x 2 x 4 x 4 (d) Combined circuit for f 3 f 4 and x 2 Multiple-Output Logic Circuit