Machining Workshop Technology Mansoor Ghazi, Department of Mechanical Engineering College of E&ME, NUST Pakistan

Contents Machining Definition Core Machining Operations Turning Milling Drilling Boring Shaping Planing Broaching Machines (Lathe & Mill) Machine Tools

Machining operations

Machining Machining: A set of processes used to produce a part through “controlled” material removal. Machining is subset of a whole range of subtractive manufacturing processes. Core machining operations are: Turning Operations Milling Operations Drilling Operations Other miscellaneous machining operations include: Sawing Shaping Planing Broaching Knurling Threading

Turning Used to remove material from a workpiece by rotating it against at a cutting tool. The cutting tool is moved linearly across the rotating workpiece resulting in material removal. The linear motion of cutting tool is called feed and it determines the depth and speed of cutting (CHECK WHAT IS FEED RATE AND DEPTH OF CUT). Turning operations are performed on lathe machines. Turning operations reduce the diameter of a workpiece either uniformly or to form a taper (known as taper turning). Turning operations are performed to produce axis-symmetrical parts.

Turning Illustrations

Milling Contrary to turning, milling involves moving the workpiece along a static tool to remove material. The tool rotates around its axis while being fixed at one point and the workpiece is translated/rotated around the tool to remove material. Milling is performed with milling machines. Milling machines are broadly classified into: Vertical Milling Machines Horizontal Milling Machines CHECK THE ABOVE TYPES OF MILLING MACHINES INCLUDING MULTI AXIS MACHINING.

Milling Illustrations

Drilling Used to drill holes by contacting the static workpiece with a rotating cutting tool. Drilling is performed with drill press machines, milling machines or lathe machines (HOW??). The rotating cutting tool is termed as drill bit and is classified as a multi-point cutting tool (CHECK MULTI-POINT & SINGLE-POINT TOOLS). Boring is similar to drilling, except that the tool remains static while the workpiece rotates to remove material. Typical drill machines found in machining shops are: Bench Drills Radial Arm Drills

Miscellaneous Operations STUDY THE FOLLOWING OPERATIONS: Sawing Threading Knurling Shaping Planing Broaching

Machines & Tools

Motions of Compound Rest Lathe Machines Manually Operated Lathe Machine Motions of Compound Rest

Major Lathe Machine Parts Head Stock Chuck Tool Post Compound Rest Tail Stock Bed Feed Screw Carriage DEVELOP AN UNDERSTANDING OF THE ROLE/OPERATION OF ABOVE COMPONENTS.

Milling Machine Vertical Milling Machine Horizontal Milling Machine

Drill Machine Bench Drill (with Fixed Spindle) Radial Drill (with Moveable Spindle)

Cutting Tools Cutting tools remove material from a workpiece by shear deformation. Cutting tools are either: Single Point Tools: Used for turning, shaping & planning. Multipoint Tools: Used for milling & drilling. Cutting tools should have following mechanical properties: Hardness & strength at high temperatures. Toughness to avoid fracture & chipping. Wear resistance to ensure acceptable tool life. STUDY COMMON TOOL STEEL MATERIALS. NAVIGATE TO THIS LINK http://me.emu.edu.tr/me364/ME364_cutting_materials.pdf

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