Spelling Rules

Spelling Rule Review  What is the rule about adding “y”, “ly”, or “ness” to a word that doesn’t end in “y”?  Ex. Sincere + ly OR sad + ness  What is the rule about adding suffixes to words that end in “y”?  Happy + ness  When do you keep an “e” at the end of a word? When do you drop it? What are the exceptions?  Expense + ive OR Extreme + ly OR Courage + ous  When do you double a consonant before adding a suffix?  Ex. Drag + ing OR Ex. Hid + en  Is the suffix ending “ful” or “full”?  Joy + ful OR Joy + full

Find the spelling errors in the passage below.  It was a gloomy, sad day. None of my friends were available to hang out, so I accepted the fact that I would spend the day feeling lonly. I figureed I could find a way to spend my time that would make me joyfull. As I thought about it, I recalld that the happyiest day of my life was when I had gone sking. The mountains had been coverd in snow, the sun had been shinning, and the air had been crisp. Up there on that mountain, I had been truely hapy. The decision was made, I would go skiing.

Rule #1  Don’t change the spelling of the word when adding –ly or –ness to any word that doesn’t end in ‘y’  Sincere + lyLone + ly

Rule #2  For any word that ends in ‘y’, change ‘y’ to ‘i’ and add the suffix (- ness, -es, - ly)  Lonely + ness = loneliness  Happy + ness = happiness

Practice RULES #1 & #2  Day + ly  Kind + ness  Marry + age  Great + ness  Quick + ly  Messy + ness  Happy + est  Supply + es  Beautiful + ly  Carry + ed

Words you need to know  What is a consonant?  - any letter except a,e,i,o,u  What is a vowel?  -a,e,i,o,u  What is a prefix?  A group of letters added before the word that alters its meaning (Ex. pre-,un-, in-,dis-)  What is a suffix?  A group of letters added to the end of a word that alters its meaning (Ex. –able, -ive, -ly, -ness)

Rule #3  Keep the silent e at the end of a word when you add a suffix that begins with a consonant ( -ment,-ful,-ly )  Arrange + mentPeace + ful  Sincere + ly Exceptions: judg e + ment = jud gm ent acknowledg e + ment = acknowled gm ent Tru e + ly = tr ul y

Rule #4  Drop the silent e at the end of a word when you add a suffix that begins with a vowel (Ex. -ed, -ing, -ous, -ably, -al, and –y )  Hope + ing = hoping  Shine + y = shiny

Use rules 3 & 4 to spell these words correctly 1. Fortune + ate 2. Excite + ing 3. Trouble + some 4. Dose + age 5. Nature + al 6. Hope + ful 7. Fame + ous 8. Write + ing 9. Excite + ment 10. Judge + ment

Exceptions to Rule #4  Notice + able = notic ea ble  Courage + ous = courag eo us  Advantage + ous = advantag eo us Noticeable needs to keep the e because the ce together make the ‘s’ sound. Courageous needs the e because the ‘ e’ makes the ‘ a’ long (say its own name) cour – age – ous Same thing in advantageous; it helps us pronounce the words correctly.

Practice Rules # 1-4  Adventure + ous  Conflict + ed  Affection + ate  Tardy + ness  Tie + ed  Probe + ing  Resource + ful  Carry + ing  Disappoint + ment  Aware + ness  Expense + ive  Note + able  State + ment  Care + ful + ly  Judge + ment  Beauty + ful + ly

Rule #5  Double the final consonant when the word is just one syllable, the last two letters are ONE vowel and ONE consonant, and you add a suffix that begins with a vowel (such as –ing, -ed,-er,-est,-al,-y)  Swim, swimming, swimmer  Drag, dragging, dragged  Hot, hotter, hottest  Rob, robbing, robber

Practice Rule #5: Double or no double?  Mop + ing  Act + ed  Write + ing  Shop + ed  Whip + ed  Warm + est  Jog + er  Talk + er  Nap + ing  Sap + y  Intention + al  Mug + y  Hope + ing  Hop + er  Ski +er

Rule #6  Add -ful not full when you add as a suffix  Thought + ful  Cheer + ful  Sometimes is will look like full but that is only a result of adding a second suffix  Cheer + ful + ly, beauty + ful + ly

 Lone + ly  Disappoint + ment  Adventure + ous  Beautiful + ly  Quick + ly  Kind + ness  Swim + ing  Note + able  Happy + ness  Day + ly  Marry + age  Arrange + ment  Sincere + ly  Peace + ful  Great + ness  judge + ment  Drag + ing  Hot + est  Conflict + ed  Affection + ate  Tardy + ness  Tie + ed  Probe + ing  Resource + ful  Lonely + ness  Carry + ing  Aware + ness  Expense + ive