P.S.Selvakumar Faculty Aravind School of Optometry

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Presentation transcript:

P.S.Selvakumar Faculty Aravind School of Optometry ANISOMETROPIA P.S.Selvakumar Faculty Aravind School of Optometry

Definition A condition in which the refractive error is unequal between two eyes A difference of more than 1.0D is clinically significant.

Causes Hypermetropic in childhood Myopic in adolescence Unilateral cataract surgery Some corneal diseases Congenital being difference in axial length

Types Low : < 2.00D Moderate : between 2.0 D and 3.0D High : >3.0D

Refractive types Compound astigmatic anisometropia- both eye are astigmatic having difference of more than 1D error Compound hyperopic-both eye are hyperopic having difference of more than 1D error Compound myopic- both eye are having myopic difference of more than 1D error Antimetropia – one eye myopic and one eye hyperopic Simple astigmatic- one eye only astigmatic Simple myopic-one eye only myopic Simple hypermetropic-one eye only hyperopic

Sign and Symptoms Blurred vision Asthenopia Headache Uneasiness / Heaviness with glass. Diplopia Binocular discomfort vision.

Assessment Visual acuity Accurate monocular refraction. Binocular vision test Binocular balance test. Cycloplegic refraction

Treatment Spectacle. Contact lens usually for high degree of anisometropia. Refractive surgery.

Problems in anisometropia Squint: convergence squint in child divergence squint in adult Diplopia Amblyopia Suppression of Binocular vision

AMBLYOPIA

Definition A condition of visual loss without any apparent disease of the eye. Laziness of the eye

Causes Uncorrected refractive error Squint Corneal opacity Unilateral cataract Ptosis Suppression of blurred image

Types Congenital amblyopia:- Since birth one is not using vision Acquired amblyopia Ametropic amblyopia:- one eye is high ametropic having less vision which form blurred image so brain suppress it causing amblyopia Strabismic amblyopia:-image formed by eye with squint in place other than fovea so brain suppress it causing amblyopia Anisometropic amblyopia: if difference is high, eye with high refractive error is suppressed Stimulation deprivation amblyopia: amblyopia due to not using an eye for vision

Symptoms Frequent squinting or closing one eye to see Poor visual acuity Eyestrain Headaches Eyes do not move together or fix on the same point Crying or complaining of an eye when one eye is covered Cloudiness in the pupil (cataract)

Treatment Most effective when done early in the child's life, usually before age seven. It is important that any anisometropia and refractive problems be treated initially Occlusion therapy: Patching Atropine(for uncooperative children )

Thankyou