Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 A procedure for changing behavior by reinforcing responses that approach the desired goal… $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Shaping B. Counter conditioning $400 $300 C. Molding D. Classical conditioning $200 $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 A punisher _______ the probability of a response while a negative reinforcer _______ the probability of a response. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Increases; Decreases B. Decreases; Increases $400 $300 C. Decreases; Decreases D. Increases; Increases $200 $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 The similarity between positive reinforcement and positive punishment is that each involves… $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Removing a stimulus B. Something good $400 $300 C. Adding a stimulus D. Something bad $200 $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 Thorndike’s law of effect said that an organism will learn to perform responses that are… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. punished B. rewarded $400 $300 $200 C. reflexive D. fun $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 The responses in classical conditioning before any conditioning took place were… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. New behaviors B. Innate reflexes $400 $300 $200 C. Random acts D. Trained reflexes $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 The notion that learning produces physical changes in the synapses of the brain is consistent with… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 A. Social learning Spatial mapping $500 $400 $300 C. Classical conditioning Long-term potentiation $200 $100

Team 1 Omission training is also known as… A. Positive punishment $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 Omission training is also known as… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Positive punishment B. Negative punishment $400 $300 C. Negative reinforcement D. Positive reinforcement $200 $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 During summer camp, campers get a sticker each time they demonstrate good behavior. When they have earned 10 stickers, they may select a prize. This is an example of… $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Shaping B. Negative reinforcement $400 $300 C. A token economy D. Classical conditioning $200 $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 A telemarketer who tries to sell as many magazines as possible is working according to a ________ schedule of reinforcement. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Fixed interval B. Variable interval $400 $300 $200 C. Fixed ratio D. Variable ratio $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 When you start doing your own grocery shopping, you notice that you often buy the same brands that your mom bought when you lived at home rather than trying something new. This is the result of which form of learning? $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Shaping B. Mere exposure effect $400 $300 C. Classical conditioning D. Chaining $200 $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 What was the conditioned stimulus (CS) in the “Little Albert” experiment? $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Bunny rabbit B. Loud noise $400 $300 C. Lab rat D. Crying $200 $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 You see your brother come home after curfew and get grounded by your parents. In the future you come home on time. This type of learning is best explained by… $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Operant conditioning B. Insight learning $400 $300 C. Classical conditioning D. Observational learning $200 $100

Team 1 A. Discrimination B. Spontaneous recovery C. Generalization $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 Emily is an expert of wine. She orders a class of Pinot Grigo, but when she tastes it she insists it tastes like Chardonnay. Emily is demonstrating… $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Discrimination B. Spontaneous recovery $400 $300 $200 C. Generalization D. Association $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 If you use money to buy your lunch today, the money is an example of a _______ reinforcer while the food is an example of a ________ reinforcer. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Primary; secondary B. Secondary; primary $400 $300 C. Positive; negative D. Negative; positive $200 $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 This psychologist conducted the BoBo doll experiment, which he later described as observational learning. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Watson B. Skinner $400 $300 $200 C. Tolman D. Bandura $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 If you learned to fear electrical outlets after getting a painful shock, what would be the CR? $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. fear B. outlet $400 $300 $200 C. shock D. electricity $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 A _______ is any stimulus that naturally elicits a reflexive behavior. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. UCS B. $400 CS $300 $200 C. Neutral stimulus D. UCR $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 In operant conditioning, behavioral change is brought about by the manipulation of … $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. consequences B. reflexes $400 $300 $200 C. thoughts D. goals $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 When your alarm clock rings loudly until you turn it off, it is acting as a… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. + reinforcer B. - reinforcer $400 $300 $200 C. - punishment D. + punishment $100

Team 2 Learning always occurs as a result of… A. Discrimination $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 Learning always occurs as a result of… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Discrimination B. Experience $400 $300 C. Changes in the environment D. Internal changes $200 $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 This schedule of reinforcement is the best strategy for teaching and learning new behaviors… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Fixed ratio B. Continuous $400 $300 $200 C. Intermittent D. Variable interval $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 In terms of schedules of reinforcement, ratio is to ________ as interval is to ________. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Time; Number B. Fixed; Variable $400 $300 $200 C. Number; Time D. Variable; Fixed $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 The application of an aversive stimulus after a response is known as… $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Negative punishment B. Positive punishment $400 $300 C. Omission training D. Operant conditioning $200 $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 ________ reinforcement is particularly effective for maintaining behavior because such reinforcement produces resistance to extinction. $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Intermittent B. Continuous $400 $300 $200 C. Permanent D. Negative $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 The initial learning stage in classical conditioning, during which the CR comes to be elicited by the CS… $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. UCS B. extinction $400 $300 $200 C. acquisition D. UCR $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 Ernie had never been afraid of spiders, but at camp last summer he woke up and there was a spider on his face. Since then, he cries in fear whenever he sees a spider. Before the incident spiders were a ____, but after the incident spiders became a ____. $250,000 $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. CS; UCS B. UCS; CS $400 $300 C. Neutral stimulus; CS D. UCS; CR $200 $100

Team 1 A. operant; CS B. aversive; CS C. classical; UCS $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 Susie has cancer and is receiving chemotherapy. Her parents notice that she now rejects food that she liked a week ago (before chemo). Through the process of _______ conditioning, the food is now acting as a _______. $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. operant; CS B. aversive; CS $400 $300 $200 C. classical; UCS D. learned; UCS $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 Pavlov is to classical conditioning as __________ is to operant conditioning. $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Skinner B. Kohler $400 $300 $200 C. Bandura D. Tolman $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 Going to the dentist to get a toothache relieved is an example of… $125,000 $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. + reinforcement B. - reinforcement $400 $300 $200 C. + punishment D. - punishment $100

Team 2 A. Behavioral B. Social C. Insight D. Classical conditioning $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 _______ learning involves the perception of familiar objects in new forms or relationships. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Behavioral B. Social $400 $300 C. Insight D. Classical conditioning $200 $100

Team 1 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 This type of learning, often referred to as “hidden learning,” occurs without any type of reinforcement. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Operant B. Latent $400 $300 $200 C. Cognitive D. Social $100

Team 2 $1,000,000 $500,000 $250,000 $125,000 A key advantage of using a _________ schedule of reinforcement is that it prevents the extinction of the desired response. $64,000 $32,000 $16,000 $8,000 $4,000 $2,000 $1,000 $500 A. Variable ratio B. Fixed ratio $400 $300 C. Variable interval D. Fixed interval $200 $100

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