AIM: HOW TO CALCULATE THE AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS? DO NOW:1. WHAT ARE THE 3 SUBATOMIC PARTICLES OF AN ATOM? LIST THE THREE SUBATOMIC PARTICLES AND THEIR CHARGE.

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AIM: HOW TO CALCULATE THE AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS? DO NOW:1. WHAT ARE THE 3 SUBATOMIC PARTICLES OF AN ATOM? LIST THE THREE SUBATOMIC PARTICLES AND THEIR CHARGE. 2. IF AN ATOM HAS AN ATOMIC MASS OF 34 AND THE ATOM HAS 16 NEUTRONS, HOW MANY PROTONS DOES THE ATOM HAVE?

ISOTOPES ISOTOPES-ATOMS THAT HAVE THE SAME NUMBER OF PROTONS BUT DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF NEUTRONS ARE CALLED ISOTOPES. BECAUSE ISOTOPES OF AN ELEMENT HAVE DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF NEUTRONS, THEY ALSO HAVE DIFFERENT MASS NUMBERS.

AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS MOST ELEMENTS OCCUR NATURALLY AS MIXTURES OF ISOTOPES. THE MASS NUMBERS ON THE PERIODIC TABLE ARE THE WEIGHTED AVERAGE OF THE MOST ABUNDANT ISOTOPES’ MASS NUMBERS. THE ATOMIC MASS OF AN ELEMENT IS A WEIGHTED AVERAGE MASS OF THE ATOMS IN A NATURALLY OCCURRING SAMPLE OF THE ELEMENT.

HOW TO CALCULATE AVG. ATOMIC MASS TO CALCULATE THE ATOMIC MASS OF AN ELEMENT, MULTIPLY THE MASS OF EACH ISOTOPE BY ITS NATURAL ABUNDANCE, EXPRESSED AS A DECIMAL, AND THEN ADD THE PRODUCTS.

SAMPLE PROBLEM 1 RUBIDIUM HAS TWO COMMON ISOTOPES, 85-RB AND 87-RB. IF THE ABUNDANCE OF 85-RB IS 72.2% AND THE ABUNDANCE OF 87RB IS 27.8%, WHAT IS THE AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS OF RUBIDIUM?

Isotope% abundanceFraction of abundance mass 85-Rb72.2% amu 87-Rb27.8% amu X X = = ______________ amu

SAMPLE PROBLEM 2 GIVEN THE AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS OF AN ELEMENT ON THE PERIODIC TABLE AND THE PERCENT NATURAL ABUNDANCE OF EACH ISOTOPE, CALCULATE THE IDENTITY OF THE UNKNOWN ISOTOPE?(ATOMIC MASS OF CHROMIUM IS AMU) CHROMIUM- ?? 4.345% CHROMIUM % CHROMIUM % CHROMIUM %

X= UNKNOWN CHROMIUM [(X)( )] + [(52)(0.8379)] + [(53)(0.0950)] + [(54)( )] = AMU

SAMPLE PROBLEM 3 CHLORINE HAS TWO NATURALLY OCCURRING ISOTOPES. THE MASS OF CHLORINE-35 IS AMU AND THE MASS OF CHLORINE-37 IS AMU. USING THE AVERAGE MASS FROM THE PERIODIC TABLE (AVERAGE ATOMIC MASS OF CHLORINE IS ), FIND THE ABUNDANCE OF EACH ISOTOPE. (REMEMBER THAT THE SUM OF THE TWO ABUNDANCES MUST BE 100)

X= FRACTION OF ABUNDANCE FOR CHLORINE – X= FRACTION OF ABUNDANCE FOR CHLORINE-37 [(34.696)(X)] + [(36.966)(100 – X)] = AMU