70-270: MCSE Guide to Microsoft Windows XP Professional Second Edition, Enhanced Chapter 4: Managing Windows XP File Systems and Storage

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 2 Objectives Understand basic and dynamic storage Understand the drive configurations supported by Windows XP Understand the FAT, FAT32, and NTFS file systems Understand Windows XP drive, volume, and partition maintenance and administration Understand how to manage folder-level properties Understand permissions, sharing, and other issues related to file systems

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 3 File Storage Basics Basic storage Centers on partitioning physical disk Dynamic storage New method supported only by Windows XP and Windows 2000 Based on volumes, not partitions Allows for more flexibility in drive configurations

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 4 Basic Storage Traditional method of dividing a hard drive into partitions Partition Logical division of the physical space on a hard drive Must be formatted before they can be used

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 5 Dynamic Storage Does not use partitions Views an entire physical hard drive as a single entity Drives belong to the OS on which they were created Existing drives with partitions can be upgraded to dynamic storage

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 6 Drive Configurations Simple volume All or part of a single drive Spanned volume Two or more parts (up to 32) of one or more drives, or a volume configuration of two or more entire drives Striped volume Two or more volumes (up to 32) of one or more drives or two or more entire drives (up to 32) Do not provide any fault tolerance

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 7 File Systems XP supported file systems: NTFS FAT FAT32

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 8 FAT and FAT32 For backwards compatibility with older systems Supports volumes up to 4 GB in size Most efficient on volumes smaller than 256 MB Root directory can contain only 512 entries No file-level compression No file-level security Maximum file size is 2 GB

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 9 NTFS Support for volumes up to 2 TB in size Most efficient on volumes larger than 10 MB Root directory can contain unlimited entries File-level compression File-level security File-level encryption Disk quotas, which are a means to limit drive space consumption by users

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 10 Converting File Systems To convert: Reformat drive with new file system Use Convert utility to convert FAT/FAT32 to NTFS

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 11 File Compression Ability to compress data on the basis of single files, folders, or entire volumes Benefit Able to store more data in the same space Drawback Performance suffers due to compressing and uncompressing Must have Full Control to compress object

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 12 Disk Management Actions Disk Management tool All Tasks menu Context sensitive menu Options to create, remove and configure Disks Volumes Partitions

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 13 The Properties Dialog Boxes Offer additional details and configuration settings for: Drives Volumes Partitions

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 14 Drive Letters and Mount Points Grant applications and user interface utilities access to file system resources A & B: Used for floppies C through Z Used for local hard drives or mappings for network shares Mount point Alternative to drive letters Connects a FAT/FAT32 or NTFS volume or partition to an empty directory on an NTFS volume or partition

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 15 Disk Cleanup Tool used to free up space on hard drives by removing deleted, orphaned, temporary, or downloaded files

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 16 Check Disk Inspection utility Examines disk integrity and locates both logical and physical errors on a hard drive Called ScanDisk Check Disk in earlier versions of Windows Used after improper shutdown

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 17 Defragmentation Fragmentation Division of a file into two or more parts Each part stored in a different location on the hard drive Defragmentation Reorganize files so they are stored contiguously and no gaps are left between files Disk Defragmenter utility

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 18 FSUTIL Powerful command-line utility Only used by administrators Help and Support Center Contains online documentation

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 19 Folder Options Used to set the functional and visual parameters of the folders on the system General tab View tab File Types tab Offline Files tab

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 20 File System Object Level Properties Accessed through Properties dialog boxes of folder or object Minor differences depending on file system

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 21 NTFS Folder Object General tab: General information (name, size, etc.) Sharing tab Security tab

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 22 FAT/FAT32 Folder Object General tab: Name, type, location, etc. Sharing tab Customize tab

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 23 NTFS File Object Three common tabs: General Sharing Security Other tabs depending on object type

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 24 FAT/FAT32 File Object General tab Other tabs depending on object type

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 25 NTFS-Mounted Volume Object General tab Sharing tab Security tab Customize tab

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 26 FAT/FAT32-Mounted Volume Object General tab Sharing tab Customize tab

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 27 Managing NTFS Permissions NTFS Only file system supported by Windows XP that offers file- level security Determines what can be done to a file system object and who can perform those actions Different permissions for folders and files

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 28 NTFS File and Folder Permissions Read Write List folder contents Read & execute Modify Full control Configured on the Security tab of object’s Properties dialog box

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 29 Rules for Working With NTFS Permissions NTFS object permissions always apply Permissions are cumulative Override any contradictory settings on the parent or container folder Deny overrides all other specific Allows

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 30 Inheritance of Permissions New object assumes permissions of parent container Moving or copying an object from NTFS to FAT NTFS settings are lost Object inherits the FAT attributes and settings of its new container Moving or copying an object from FAT to NTFS Object inherits NTFS settings and permissions of its new container

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 31 Troubleshooting Access and Permission Problems Most access problems: Resource object has wrong settings Or user account has wrong settings Avoid Common problems: Grant permission only as needed. Rely upon NTFS to restrict access Grant Full Control only when necessary, even on shares Change permissions on a folder level, allow changes to affect all child elements

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 32 Simple File Sharing Used when quick and easy file sharing is needed Commonly used in home networks No granular permission control Effective only when Windows XP is a member of workgroup Dragging and dropping folders and drives into Shared Documents folder

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 33 Managing Shared Folders Sharing tab Found on both FAT/FAT32 and NTFS folder Properties dialog boxes Used to enable remote access

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 34 Working With Media Folders and The Customize Tab My Documents, My Music, and My Pictures folders Default storage locations for: Documents Music files Images Top-level media folders cannot be altered Customize tab Used to define type of folder the mount point represents

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 35 Zipping Files and Compressed Folders Zipped files Preferred method of moving large or multiple files around over the Internet Compressed files that house one or more files into a single.zip file Zipping capabilities built into file system of XP

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 36 Burning CDs Support for writing files to a blank recordable CD Included in XP Ability to duplicate CDs Record audio CDs from other audio CDs or music files (through Windows Media Player) Erase CD-RWs

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 37 Using Offline Files Work with network files when not connected to network Does not change normal access methods Maintains the duplicate offline version of the files Redirections completely unseen by user

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 38 Folder Redirection Alter physical storage location of commonly used folders Redirect to a network server Retain original local access methods To configure: Local users alter location of My Documents folder Group policy redirects to a share on a network server

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 39 Removable Media Include any storage device installed onto a Windows XP system Tape devices DVD and CD-ROM drives Optical drives Zip and Jaz drives Can be configured through Device Manager

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 40 The Microsoft Distributed File System Windows 2000 or Windows.NET Server-hosted service Manipulate and manage shared resources Single hierarchical system Single access point for logical tree structure No regard to physical location of resources

Guide to MCSE , Second Edition, Enhanced 41 Summary Volumes and partitions formatted with NTFS, FAT, or FAT32 NTFS recommended Disk-related utilities are Disk Cleanup, Check Disk, Disk Defragmenter File system objects have Properties XP includes support for simple file sharing, zipped files, CD burning, folder redirection, management of removable media, and DFS