STANDARD 4 E, 4D AND 4F MS. HAAPALA STP/C to K/Absolute Zero Cornell Notes.

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Presentation transcript:

STANDARD 4 E, 4D AND 4F MS. HAAPALA STP/C to K/Absolute Zero Cornell Notes

Gases and their Properties cont… d. Students know the values and meanings of standard temperature and pressure (STP). e. Students know how to convert between the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales. f. Students know there is no temperature lower than 0 Kelvin.

Standard 4d: Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) Standard – Because gases occupy different volumes at different temperatures and pressures, it is necessary to define a set of conditions that can be considered standard. At STP:  The temperature is 0°C or 273 K  The pressure is 1 atmosphere (atm) or 760 mmHg or 760 torr  One mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L of volume (molar volume)

Temperature Scale – Celsius, Kelvin, and Fahrenheit What do you use to measure Temperature? Thermometer

What is temperature? Temperature is the measurement of the average kinetic energy – how much atoms move What happens to the molecules when the temperature increases?  Answer: the molecules move faster What happens to the pressure when the molecules move faster?  Answer: The collide more and increase the pressure

Standard 4e: Convert between Celsius & Kelvin We use a thermometer to measure temperature and it is in either degrees Celsius or degrees Fahrenheit we need to convert to Kelvin. In addition, ALL the gas laws we will be learning must have units of KELVIN!!! What do you notice? -> ºC +273 = K

Practice conversions ºC to K In an experiment the researcher collects the temperature of a boiling solution. What is used to measure the temperature?  Answer: Thermometer If the temperature is 155ºC, what is the resulting temperature in Kelvin?  Answer: 155ºC +273 = 428 K What if the temperature needed to be 300 K. What would the temperature be in ºC?  Answer: 300 K – 273 = 27 ºC

Standard 4f: Absolute Zero Learning Check:  What does temperature measure?  Answer: The average kinetic energy of atoms Is it possible to completely stop all the movement of the molecules? The theoretical place where all the molecules would not be moving at all is called absolute zero. What would the measurement in Kelvin and Celsius be at absolute zero?  Answer: O K or -273°C

Discussion of Absolute Zero

Learning Check – Answer the following questions What does STP stand for?  Answer: Standard Temperature and Pressure What are the 3 measurements of STP?  Answer: The temperature is 0°C or 273 K, the pressure is 1 atmosphere (atm) or 760 mmHg or 760 torr, and 1 mole of any gas occupies 22.4 L of volume (molar volume) How do you convert from degrees Celsius to Kelvin?  Answer: °C = K What is the lowest temperature possible in degrees Celsius?  Answer: -273 °C

Pressure and Volume – Boyle’s Gas Law _sim.html _sim.html