Periodic Table of Elements Chapter 11

Write the question, answer, Bell Work 11/3/14 Write the question, answer, and justify!

Bell Work Answer

Word Wall Words Set #4 Quiz Friday! 16. Colloid- a mixture in which the particles are dispersed throughout but are not heavy enough to settle out. 17. Atomic number- the number of protons in the nucleus of an atom 18. Isotopes- an atom that has the same number of protons as other atoms of the same element do but that has a different number of neutrons 19. Periodic- happening at regular intervals 20. Group- a vertical column of elements in the periodic table; elements in the same group share chemical properties

Student Learning Objectives SPI 9.1 Recognize that all matter consists of atoms SPI 0807.9.9 Use the periodic table to determine the properties of an element. TOC: # 53. Periodic Table Notes # 54. Placing Elements

Periodic Table of Elements I am Dmitri Mendeleev! Brain Pop I made the PERIODIC TABLE !

What is the PERIODIC TABLE? The periodic table shows all known elements in the universe. It organizes the elements by chemical properties.

Compare and Contrast: Elements ELBOW PARTNERS Discussion What are some different elements that make up humans and other organisms. The elements alone or in combinations, make up our bodies, our world, our sun, and in fact the entire universe!

Periodic Table and Classes of Elements Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into families based on their chemical properties. Each family has a specific name to differentiae it from the other families in the periodic table. Elements are classified as metals, nonmetals, and metalloids, by their properties. Metals are found to the left of the zigzag line. Atoms of most metals have few electrons in their outer energy shell.

Periodic Table and Classes of Elements Nonmetals are found to the right of the zigzag line. Atoms of most nonmetals have an almost complete set of electrons in their outer energy shell. Metalloids are the elements that border the zigzag line. Atoms of metalloids have about half of a complete set of electrons in their outer energy shell. These are also called semiconductors.

Periods in the Periodic Table The Periodic table is organized into rows called PERIODS.

Groups in the Periodic Table It also organized into columns called GROUPS.

How do you read the PERIODIC TABLE?

What is the ATOMIC NUMBER? The number of protons found in the nucleus of an atom Or The number of electrons surrounding the nucleus of an atom. Atomic numbers are arranged in numerical order.

What is the SYMBOL? The symbol is an abbreviation of the element name.

What is the ATOMIC MASS? The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom.

A.= Atomic # P.= #Protons E.= #Electrons M.= Mass # A.= Atomic # How do I find the number of protons, electrons, and neutrons in an element using the periodic table? Mnemonic! A.= Atomic # is the same as P.= #Protons E.= #Electrons M.= Mass # - minus A.= Atomic # = equals N.= #Neutrons

Periodic Table of Elements SONG!

Hydrogen The properties of hydrogen do not match the properties of any single group, so hydrogen is set apart. 1 electron in the outer level Reactive

Group 1: Alkali Metals Very reactive metals because they easily give away an electron, esp. with water 1 electron in the outer shell Hydrogen is not a member, it is a non-metal Conduct electricity Sodium metal

Group 2: Alkaline-Earth Metals Very reactive, but are less reactive than the alkali metals. 2 electrons in the outer shell They are never found uncombined in nature. Conduct electricity White and malleable

Group 3-12: Transition Metals Do not give away electrons as easily as Groups 1 and 2 Good conductors of heat and electricity Some are used for jewelry The transition metals are able to hold up to 32 electrons in their second to last shell. Can bond with many elements in a variety of shapes.

Group 13: Boron Group The most common element from this group is aluminum. In fact, aluminum is the most abundant metal in Earth's crust. 3 electrons in the outer level Solids at room temperature Most are metals

Group 14: Carbon Group Carbons form proteins, fats, and carbohydrates, which are necessary for living things. 4 electrons in outer level Solids at room temperatures Contains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal Carbon Silicon

Group 15: Nitrogen Group Nitrogen makes up about 80% of the air you breathe! 5 electrons in the outer level Can share electrons to form compounds Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals

Group 16: Oxygen Group Oxygen makes up about 20% of air. It is necessary for substances to burn. 6 electrons in the outer level. Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals Reactive

Group 17: Halogens Group Very reactive nonmetals because their atoms need to gain only 1 electron to have a complete outer level. 7 electrons in the outer level All are non-metals Often bonds with elements from Group 1 Chlorine, Bromine, & Iodine

Group 18: Noble Gases Exist as gases Non-metals Not reactive. VERY STABLE! They have a full set of electrons in their outer level. 8 electrons in the outer shell =FULL All are found in small amounts in earth’s atmosphere.

Lanthanides and Actinides Some are Radioactive The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals. Conduct electricity

Science News Alert: Element 117 This is a view down the 120-meter (394-foot) long linear accelerator at the GSI Helmholtz Center for Heavy Ion Research in Germany. It created the calcium-ions used in new tests that produced element 117. For now, number 117 is the most massive element confirmed to exist!

Activity: Placing Elements Use pages 286 & 292-298 to color the periodic table correctly. Color the square for hydrogen yellow. Label it “H” Color the groups red that are very reactive metals. Color the noble gases group orange. Label it “Noble Gases”. Color the transition metals green. Label it “Transition Metals”. Using black, mark the zigzag line that shows the position of the metalloids. Color the metalloids purple. Use blue to color all of the nonmetals that are not part of the noble gases group. Color the metals in Groups 13–16 brown. Circle the “actinides” in yellow and label it. Circle the “lanthanides” in red and label it. Circle the “alkali metals” in blue and label it. Circle the “alkaline-earth metals” in purple and label it. Circle the “halogens” in green and label it.

Exit Ticket How are the elements on the Periodic Table organized? Pick one group of elements on the Periodic Table and describe two of its properties.