Slide 1 Increased Risk of Ischemic Events Upon Discontinuation of Prasugrel After 12 or 30 Months of Therapy Following Placement of the TAXUS Liberté Paclitaxel-

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Presentation transcript:

Slide 1 Increased Risk of Ischemic Events Upon Discontinuation of Prasugrel After 12 or 30 Months of Therapy Following Placement of the TAXUS Liberté Paclitaxel- Eluting Coronary Stent Kirk N. Garratt, Ronald D. Jenkins, Thomas K. Pow, W. Douglas Weaver, Laura M. Mauri, Dean J. Kereiakes, Kenneth J. Winters, Thomas Christen, Dominic J. Allocco, and David P. Lee

Slide 2 Background TAXUS Libertē Post-Approval Study (TL-PAS) was designed to provide long-term safety and efficacy data on the TAXUS Liberté paclitaxel-eluting coronary stent (PES) with concomitant prasugrel and ASA in a broad spectrum of patients TL-PAS contributed to the Dual Antiplatelet Therapy (DAPT) Study by randomizing TAXUS Liberté stent patients to blinded thienopyridine treatment, using prasugrel or matched placebo, from 12 through 30 months after the index procedure The TL-PAS data are being presented separately following guidance from the TL-PAS Data Monitoring Committee (DMC)

Slide 3 TL-PAS represented 1 of 4 manufacturer sponsored studies that contributed subjects to the DAPT Study Each contributing study was required to employ the same randomization criteria, end point definitions, and follow-up specified by the DAPT Study The overall DAPT Study, but not the individual contributing studies, was designed with sufficient power to compare the endpoints TL-PAS and DAPT

Slide 4 DAPT Study Endpoints Two co-primary effectiveness endpoints –MACCE (all-cause death, MI or stroke) occurring between months post-procedure –Definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST) occurring between months post-procedure Primary safety endpoint –Major bleeding, defined as moderate or severe by GUSTO classification, occurring between months post- procedure For MI and ST (definite or probable), Academic Research Consortium (ARC) definitions were used: Cutlip et al Circulation 2007 For moderate or severe bleeding, Global Utilization of Streptokinase and TPA for Occluded Arteries (GUSTO) definitions were used: GUSTO investigators N Engl J Med 1993

Slide 5 Potential endpoint events were adjudicated by the TL- PAS Clinical Events Committee (CEC) using uniform definitions; the CEC was blinded to treatment assignment Safety within TL-PAS was monitored by the TL-PAS Data Monitoring Committee (DMC) Overall DAPT Study data were monitored by the DAPT Study DMC Study Oversight

Slide 6 TL-PAS Patient Flow Eligible to contribute to the DAPT Study N=3494 N=3494 TL-PAS Total Enrollment N=4199 TL-PAS Total Enrollment N=4199 *Randomization at 12 months permitted only for consenting patients free of death, CABG, stroke, stent thrombosis or major bleeding event at any time after stent placement, and free of MI and any PCI beyond 6 weeks after initial stent placement, and who has been compliant with antiplatelet therapy. ASA + Prasugrel to 12 mo Time 0 Index Procedure 12 months Time of Randomiz- ation Not Randomized (N=1303) Not event-free and/or met DAPT Study exclusion criteria N=688 Physician or patient preference N=613 Unknown N=2 Event-free & Randomized* N=2191 N=2191

Slide 7 TL-PAS Patient Flow 12-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1093 N= month Prasugrel + ASA N=1098 N=1098 Event-free & Randomized* N=2191 N=2191 TL-PAS Total Enrollment N=4199 TL-PAS Total Enrollment N=4199 *Randomization at 12 months permitted only for consenting patients free of death, CABG, stroke, stent thrombosis or major bleeding event at any time after stent placement, and free of MI and any PCI beyond 6 weeks after initial stent placement, and who has been compliant with antiplatelet therapy. 12-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1057/1093 (96.7%) 30-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1066/1098 (97.1%) 30-monthFollow-up ASA + Prasugrel to 12 mo 12-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1046/1093 (95.7%) 30-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1054/1098 (96.0%) 33-monthFollow-up ASA alone 3 mo Time 0 Index Procedure 12 months 30 months 33 months Time of Randomiz- ation 540 d Post-rand. 630 d Post-rand. Missed 33-month visit:N=8N=6 Premature Discontinuation:N=3N=8 Missed 30-month visit:N=14N=18 Premature Discontinuation:N=22N=14

Slide 8 Baseline Characteristics Characteristic (%, unless noted) 12-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1093 patients 30-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1098 patients Characteristic (%, unless noted) 12-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1093 patients 30-month Prasugrel + ASA N=1098 patients Male PCI History Age (years) 59.2   9.7 CABG History Age >75 years Bleeding disorder Weight <60 kg Stable angina Diabetes * Unstable angina Metabolic Syndrome Silent ischemia Hyperlipidemia * MI Hypertension * NSTEMI MI History20.3 STEMI Numbers are % or mean  SD; *Medically-treated; MI=myocardial infarction; PCI=percutaneous coronary intervention; CABG=coronary artery bypass graft

Slide 9 Baseline Characteristics Characteristic 12-month Prasugrel + ASA 30-month Prasugrel + ASA Characteristic 12-month Prasugrel + ASA 30-month Prasugrel + ASA Emergent procedure ‡ Lesions treated * (mean ± SD) 1.3 ± ± 0.7 RVD † (mm)3.0 ± ± 0.50 Vessels treated * (mean ± SD) 1.2 ± ± 0.4 Length † (mm)15.8 ± ± 8.7 Stents Implanted * (mean ± SD) 1.4 ± ± 0.8 DS † (%)85.6 ± ± 11.6 Stent length per patient * (mean ± SD) 28.3± ±18.3 De novo lesions † (%) B2 lesion † (%) Pre-dilatation performed ‡ (%) C lesion † (%) RVD=reference vessel diameter; DS=diameter stenosis; SD=standard deviation 12-month Prasugrel + ASA: N=1093 Patients*, N=1465 Lesions †, N=1142 Procedures ‡ 30-month Prasugrel + ASA: N=1098 Patients*, N=1492 Lesions †, N=1138 Procedures ‡

Slide 10 At Risk Co-Primary Endpoint: MACCE at 540 days All Death, ARC MI, Stroke Time after Randomization (days) Cumulative Incidence of MACCE, % (± 1.5 SE) 9.4% 5.8% 540 Days P< Days P< Days P= % 3.7% Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value; HR=Hazard Ratio [95% confidence interval] 2.4% 0.7% HR [0.137, 0.670] HR [0.281, 0.589] HR [0.431, 0.811] 12-mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA

Slide mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA Results: MACCE – All Death, Stroke, and MI Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value; HR=Hazard Ratio [95% confidence interval] DeathMACCE MIStroke

Slide 12 Results: ARC MI At Risk Cumulative Incidence of ARC MI, % (± 1.5 SE) 7.4% 3.7% 540 Days P< Days P< Days P<0.001 Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value; HR=Hazard Ratio [95% confidence interval] 2.2% 0.4% 7.1% 1.9% Time after Randomization (days) HR [0.057, 0.474] HR [0.156, 0.417] HR [0.324, 0.698] 12-mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA

Slide 13 Co-Primary Endpoint: Definite or Probable ARC Stent Thrombosis at 540 days At Risk Cumulative Incidence of ARC ST, % (± 1.5 SE) Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value; HR=Hazard Ratio [95% confidence interval] 2.9% 0.8% 540 Days P< Days P< Days P= % 0.0% 2.9% 0.2% Time after Randomization (days) HR [0.000, NA] HR [0.015, 0.264] HR [0.116, 0.549] 12-mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA

Slide 14 At Risk Results: ARC MI related to ST Cumulative Incidence of MI related to ST, % (± 1.5 SE) Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value 540 Days P< Days P< Days P= % 0.6% 0.7% 0.0% 2.6% 0.0% Time after Randomization (days) HR [0.000, NA] HR [0.000, NA] HR [0.087, 0.507] 12-mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA

Slide Days P<0.001 Results: ARC MI not related to ST Cumulative Incidence of MI not related to ST, % (± 1.5 SE) 4.8% 3.1% 1.5% 0.4% 4.5% 1.9% At Risk Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value Time after Randomization (days) HR [0.083, 0.739] HR [0.242, 0.686] HR [0.407, 0.978] 630 Days P= Days P= mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA

Slide 16 Interim DMC Review In mid-2013, TL-PAS DMC noted the early increase in spontaneous ischemic events following withdrawal of active prasugrel therapy in patients randomized to 12 month and 30 month prasugrel + aspirin TL-PAS DMC recommended that randomized treatment be unblinded for TL-PAS patients who had not yet completed 30 month follow-up to allow discussion of continuing open-label prasugrel Unblinding affected a very small number of patients (N=27) and was conducted at the 30 month time point, after study drug treatment was completed

Slide Days P=0.234 Results: Major Bleeding GUSTO Moderate or Severe At Risk Cumulative Incidence of Major Bleeding, % (± 1.5 SE) Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value; HR=Hazard Ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.9% 2.6% 630 Days P= Days P= DaysModerateSevereIntracranial Hemorrhage/ Fatal Bleeding 12-mo Prasugrel + ASA 1.2%0.5%0.4% 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA 2.1%0.3% P-value HR [95% CI]1.76 [0.891, 3.472]0.549 [0.142, 2.485] [0.166, 3.317] 0.2% 0.5% 1.7% 2.4% Time after Randomization (days) HR [0.603, ] HR [0.788, 2.622] HR [0.785, 2.474] 12-mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA

Slide 18 Limitations Analysis of TAXUS Liberté patients from TL-PAS was prespecified but not powered for DAPT Study endpoints TL-PAS exclusion criteria included a history of prior cerebrovascular or active pathological bleeding events Subjects with very low body mass or advanced age may have been underrepresented Randomized subjects tolerated 12 months prasugrel plus aspirin without major bleeding before randomization

Slide 19 Summary (1) In patients receiving the TAXUS Liberté paclitaxel- eluting stent, 30-month prasugrel + ASA was associated with: –Significant reduction in MACCE (HR = 0.407) primarily related to a reduction in ARC MI (HR = 0.255) ARC MI related to ST (0.0% vs 2.6%) ARC MI not related to ST (1.9% vs 4.5%) –Significant reduction in ARC definite or probable ST (HR = 0.063) –A modest increase in GUSTO moderate or severe bleeding (HR = 1.438) without an increase in intracranial hemorrhage or fatal bleeding

Slide 20 Summary (2) Withdrawal of prasugrel resulted in apparent loss of protection, with an early increase in ischemic events, when stopped after 12 months or 30 months –Principal risk was increased MI –Difference significant within 90 days of prasugrel cessation Whether the reduction in late ischemic events demonstrated with prasugrel + ASA and the TAXUS Liberté paclitaxel-eluting coronary stent would be observed with other dual anti-platelet regimens and/or other drug-eluting stents will require further study including insights from the larger DAPT Study

Slide 21

Slide 22 Results: Cardiac Death At Risk Cumulative Incidence of Cardiac Death, % (± 1.5 SE) Cumulative KM Event Rate ± 1.5 SE; log-rank P value; HR=Hazard Ratio [95% confidence interval] 1.2% 1.0% 540 Days P= Days P= Days P= % 0.5% 1.2% 0.9% Time after Randomization (days) HR [0.581, ] HR [0.334, 1.738] HR [0.376, 1.871] 12-mo Prasugrel + ASA 30-mo Prasugrel + ASA