Unit 2 1 Periodic Table, Elements, Atoms, Compounds Chapter 3 – Sections , and p (part of sect. 3.7) Chapter 4

2 Copyright © 2005 by Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Benjamin Cummings

3 Groups and Periods On the periodic table, elements are arranged according to similar properties. groups contain elements with similar properties in vertical columns. periods are horizontal rows of elements.

4 Organization: Groups and Periods

5 Group Numbers use the letter A for the main elements (1A to 8A) and the letter B for the transition elements. Or: use numbers 1-18 to the columns from left to right.

Transition metals Main group Lanthanide series Actinide series Main group 6

7 Names of Groups

8 Alkali Metals Soft, shiny metals Good conductors Low melting points React with water Note: H is not an alkali metal, despite position on top.

9 Halogens Group 7A Includes chlorine, bromine, and iodine Highly reactive Form compounds with most of elements

10 Look at the Periodic Table Each element belongs to a group and a period –location in periodic table. Identify the element described by the following. A. Group 7A(17), Period 4 1) Br2) Cl3) Mn B. Group 2A(2), Period 3 1) beryllium2) boron 3) magnesium C. Group 5A(15), Period 2 1) phosphorus 2) arsenic3) nitrogen

H, C, N, O: 96% of body mass Formation of bones, teeth Muscle contraction Maintenance of heart, blood vessels

13 Describe function, symptoms and sources

14 Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids H

15 Metals are shiny and ductile. are good conductors of heat and electricity. Nonmetals are dull, brittle, and poor conductors. are good insulators. Metalloids are better conductors than nonmetals, but not as good as metals. are used as semiconductors and insulators. Properties of Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids

16 Comparison of Properties

17 Identify each of the following elements as 1) metal 2) nonmetal 3) metalloid A.sodium____ B. chlorine____ C. silicon ____ D. iron____ E. carbon____ F. hydrogen ____ Metal or nonmetal

18 Match the elements to the description. A. Metals in Group 4A(14) 1) Sn, Pb 2) C, Si 3) C, Si, Ge, Sn B. Nonmetals in Group 5A(15) 1) As, Sb, Bi 2) N, P3) N, P, As, Sb C. Metalloids in Group 4A(14) 1) C, Si, Ge, 2) Si, Ge 3) Si, Ge, Sn, Pb Can you find….